Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30375651›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental psychobiology2019

The relationship between cognitive enrichment and cognitive control: A systematic investigation of environmental influences on development through socioeconomic status.

Dima Amso, Carmel Salhi, David Badre

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental psychobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Investigating hierarchical critical periods in human neurodevelopment.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Cognitive Control.Annual review of psychology · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Observational
  17. Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Dima AmsoBrown University, Providence, Rhode Island.ORCID 0000-0001-6798-4698
Carmel SalhiNortheastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.
David BadreBrown University, Providence, Rhode Island.

Funding

Role of Experience in Development of Cognitive Control and Frontal CortexR01MH099078 · NIMH · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI AMSO, DIMA, BADRE, DAVID · 2012 to 2016
$2.0M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH099078NIMH NIH HHS R01MH099078
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We measured the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on cognitive processes. We examined cognitive control, specifically working memory (WM), in a sample of N = 141 7- to 17-year-olds using rule-guided behavior tasks. Our hypothesis is based on computational modeling data that suggest that the development of flexible cognitive control requires variable experiences in which to implement rule-guided action. We found that not all experiences that correlated with SES in our sample impacted task performance, and not all experiential variables that impacted performance were associated with SES. Of the experiential variables associated with task performance, only cognitive enrichment opportunities worked indirectly through SES to affect WM as tested with rule-guided behavior tasks. We discuss the data in the context of necessary precision in SES research.

Indexed as

Social ClassSocial EnvironmentAdolescentChildExecutive FunctionFemaleHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermPsychomotor Performancecognitive controlcognitive enrichmentsocioeconomic statusworking memory

Identifiers

PMID30375651
PMCPMC8449852

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.