ArticleScientific reports2018
Fearful dogs have increased plasma glutamine and γ-glutamyl glutamine.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Food-Grade Substances to Protect Dietary Glutamine From Ruminal Degradation.Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition · 2026Article
- Investigating targeted and untargeted approaches to biomarker discovery in fearful, adult dogs.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Glutaminase Expression in Canine Large-Cell Alimentary Lymphoma Cells and Effects of Glutaminase Inhibition by CB-839.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota composition is related to anxiety and aggression scores in companion dogs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Differences Interval Training and Continuous Training on Endorphin Level and Anxiety Degrees in SECABA Rindam III Siliwangi Student Soldiers with Moderate Anxiety.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2023Article
- A six-month prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, dietary trial design to investigate the potential of psychobiotics on seizure semiology and comorbidities in canine epilepsy: study protocol.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Urinary neurotransmitter analysis and canine behavior assessment.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Article
- Multi-Omics Approaches Revealed the Associations of Host Metabolism and Gut Microbiome With Phylogeny and Environmental Adaptation in Mountain Dragons.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Alterations in Metabolome and Microbiome Associated with an Early Stress Stage in Male Wistar Rats: A Multi-Omics Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Amino Acids in Dog Nutrition and Health.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- Metabolome of canine and human saliva: a non-targeted metabolomics study.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2020Article
- Active and social life is associated with lower non-social fearfulness in pet dogs.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Metabolomic Biomarkers in Anxiety Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- A novel genomic region on chromosome 11 associated with fearfulness in dogs.Translational psychiatry · 2020Article
- Metabolomics in Psychiatric Disorders: What We Learn from Animal Models.Metabolites · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anxiety-related disorders, including fearfulness are common and leading welfare problems among the worldwide dog population. The etiology of anxieties is complex and affected by genetic and environmental factors. Thus, there is a need for more comprehensive approaches, such as metabolomics, to understand the causes of anxiety and to identify anxiety-related biomarkers for more efficient diagnostic and treatment options. To study metabolic alterations related to canine fearfulness, a non-targeted plasma metabolite profiling was performed in a cohort of 20 fearful and 21 non-fearful dogs. The results showed that nine metabolic features were significantly associated with fearfulness. The most prominent change included increased plasma glutamine and γ-glutamyl glutamine (γ-Glu Gln) in fearful dogs across breeds. Alterations in glutamine metabolism have previously been associated with several psychiatric disorders, indicating the relevance of this finding also in dogs. In addition, we describe a novel breed-specific association between renal biomarker symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and canine fearfulness. These observed metabolic alterations may result from high levels of prolonged psychological stress in fearful dogs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.