ArticleBMC women's health2018
Gender norms and modern contraceptive use in urban Nigeria: a multilevel longitudinal study.
Article in BMC women's health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Women's postpartum family planning use and intention in Ethiopia: Disparities in the agrarian and pastoral contexts from a community-based cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Understanding contraceptive use in Pakistan: The role of individual and community contextual factors.PloS one · 2026Article
- Non utilization of modern contraceptives among sexually active adolescent girls and young women aged 10-24 years in selected districts of Busoga region, Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- Agency in Family Planning: A Scoping Review of the Measurement of Agency in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Studies in family planning · 2025Article
- Gendered Social Norms, Exceptions, and Sanctions: Implications for Maternal, Infant, and Young Child Nutrition in Nigeria.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Attitudes toward sexual and reproductive health and rights and their associations with reproductive agency: a population-based cross-sectional study in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Zimbabwe.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2024Article
- From theories of contraceptive use to human rights principles: implications for indicators on the supply and demand side.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2024Article
- Psychometric analysis and linguistic adaptation of the Persian version of Contraceptive Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES-P).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of DREAMS interventions on attitudes towards gender norms among adolescent girls and young women: Findings from a prospective cohort in Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Social context of contraceptive use transition among sexually active women in Zambia (1992-2018): A decomposition analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Lower infant mortality, higher household size, and more access to contraception reduce fertility in low- and middle-income nations.PloS one · 2023Article
- Association of Male Partners' Gender-Equitable Attitudes and Behaviors with Young Mothers' Postpartum Family Planning and Maternal Health Outcomes in Kinshasa, DRC.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Applying a gender lens to social norms, couple communication and decision making to increase modern contraceptive use in Ethiopia, a mixed methods study.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- Gender norms and ideologies about adolescent sexuality: A mixed-method study of adolescents in communities, south-eastern, Nigeria.Frontiers in sociology · 2022Article
- Empowerment and use of modern contraceptive methods among married women in Burkina Faso: a multilevel analysis.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Understanding family planning outcomes in northwestern Nigeria: analysis and modeling of social and behavior change factors.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Modern contraceptive use among unmarried girls aged 15-19 years in South Western Nigeria: results from a cross-sectional baseline survey for the Adolescent 360 (A360) impact evaluation.Reproductive health · 2021Article
- Article
- Women Deprivation Index and Family Planning Utilisation in Urban Geography of West African Countries.Frontiers in global women's health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence suggests that gender equality positively influences family planning. However, the evidence from urban Africa is sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between changes in gender norms and modern contraceptive use over time among women in urban Nigeria.
methodsData were collected in 2010/2011 from 16,118 women aged 15-49 living in six cities in Nigeria (Abuja, Benin, Ibadan, Ilorin, Kaduna, and Zaria) and again in 2014 from 10,672 of the same women (34% attrition rate). The analytical sample included 9933 women living in 480 neighborhoods. A four-category outcome variable measured their change in modern contraceptive use within the study period. The exposure variables measured the changes in the level of gender-equitable attitudes towards: a) wife beating; b) household decision-making; c) couples' family planning decisions; and d) family planning self-efficacy. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression models estimated the associations between the exposure variables at the individual and neighborhood levels and modern contraceptive use controlling for the women's age, education, marital status, religion, parity, household wealth, and city of residence.
resultsThe proportion of women who reported current use of modern contraceptive methods increased from 21 to 32% during the four-year study period. At both surveys, 58% of the women did not report using modern contraceptives while 11% reported using modern contraceptives; 21% did not use in 2010/2011 but started using by 2014 while 10% used in 2010/2011 but discontinued use by 2014. A positive change in the gender-equitable attitudes towards household decision-making, couples' family planning decisions, and family planning self-efficacy at the individual and neighborhood levels were associated with increased relative probability of modern contraceptive use (adoption and continued use) and decreased relative probability of modern contraceptive discontinuation by 2014. No such associations were found between the individual and neighborhood attitudes towards wife beating and modern contraceptive use. Accounting for the individual and neighborhood gender-equitable attitudes and controlling for the women's demographic characteristics accounted for 55-61% of the variation between neighborhoods in the change in modern contraceptive use during the study period.
conclusionInterventions that promote gender equality have the potential to increase modern contraceptive use in Nigerian cities.
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