Trial reportBMC psychiatry2018
Humanistic outcomes in treatment resistant depression: a secondary analysis of the STAR*D study.
Trial report in BMC psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rethinking Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Novel Therapeutic Strategies and Precision Medicine Approaches.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effects of 10-Hz rTMS and iTBS on cortico-striatal connectivity in major depressive disorder: a sham-controlled study.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Long-term safety and maintenance of response with esketamine nasal spray in participants with treatment-resistant depression: interim results of the SUSTAIN-3 study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Assessment of health-related quality of life and health status in patients with treatment-resistant depression treated with esketamine nasal spray plus an oral antidepressant.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2023Trial
- Benefit-Risk Assessment of Esketamine Nasal Spray vs. Placebo in Treatment-Resistant Depression.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Trial
- A Longitudinal Study on Predicting Treatment Response in Depression Using Self-Reported Symptoms.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Patient characteristics, treatment patterns and clinical response in patients with treatment resistant depression starting a new treatment in the clinical setting: a multicenter, observational study in Portugal.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Comparison of the efficacy and safety of bupropion versus aripiprazole augmentation in adults with treatment-resistant depression: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Trends in research on novel antidepressant treatments.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Article
- Effect of chronic administration of ostruthin on depression-like behavior in chronically stressed mice.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Article
- Facts and myths about use of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: a narrative clinical review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Article
- The prevalence and economic burden of treatment-resistant depression in Thailand.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Suicide-specific mortality among patients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, major depressive disorder with prior suicidal ideation or suicide attempts, or major depressive disorder alone.Brain and behavior · 2023Observational
- Treatment-Resistant Depression in America Latina study: one-year follow-up of treatment resistant depression patients under standard of care reveals insights on quality of life, disability, work impairment, and depressive symptoms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Healthcare utilization, costs, and productivity losses in treatment-resistant depression in Finland - a matched cohort study.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Esketamine Nasal Spray Plus an Oral Antidepressant in Patients with Treatment-resistant Depression- an Asian Sub-group Analysis from the SUSTAIN-2 Study.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Factors associated with antidepressant responses to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in antidepressant-resistant depression.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Suicidality and Quality of Life in Treatment-Resistant Depression Patients in Latin America: Secondary Interim Analysis of the TRAL Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, a third of patients did not achieve remission or adequate response after two treatment trials, fulfilling requirements for treatment resistant depression (TRD). The present study is a secondary analysis of the STAR*D data conducted to compare the humanistic outcomes in patients with TRD and non-TRD MDD.
methodsPatients with major depressive disorder who entered level 3 of the STAR*D were included in the TRD group, while patients who responded to treatment and entered follow-up from level 1 or 2 were included in the non-TRD group. The first visit in level 1 was used for baseline assessments. The time-point of assessments for comparison was the first visit in level 3 for TRD patients (median day: 141), and the visit closest to 141 ± 60 days from baseline for non-TRD patients. Outcomes were assessed by the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF12), 16-item Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale (WPAI). Scores were compared in a linear model with adjustment for covariates including age, gender, and depression severity measured by the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS17) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS).
resultsA total of 2467 (TRD: 377; non-TRD: 2090) patients were studied. TRD patients were slightly older (mean age 44 vs 42 years), had a higher proportion of men (49% vs 37%, p < .0001), and baseline depression severity (HDRS17: 24.4 vs 22.0, p < .0001) vs non-TRD patients. During follow-up, TRD patients had lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores on mental (30 vs 45.7) and physical components (47.7 vs 48.9) of the SF12, and lower Q-LES-Q scores (43.6 vs 63.7), greater functional and work impairments and productivity loss vs non-TRD patients (all p < 0.05).
conclusionPatients with TRD had worse HRQOL, work productivity, and social functioning than the non-TRD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.