ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Remote Welfare Monitoring of Rodents Using Thermal Imaging.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Validation of Wireless Harness for Measuring Respiratory Rate, Heart Rate, and Body Temperature in Hospitalized Dogs.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Contactless monitoring of respiratory rate variability in rats under anesthesia with a compact 24GHz microwave radar sensor.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Simultaneous, Non-Contact and Motion-Based Monitoring of Respiratory Rate in Sheep Under Experimental Condition Using Visible and Near-Infrared Videos.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- A Review of Five Existing Hornet-Tracking Methods.Insects · 2024Review
- Perspectives of FTIR as Promising Tool for Pathogen Diagnosis, Sanitary and Welfare Monitoring in Animal Experimentation Models: A Review Based on Pertinent Literature.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Review of Rat (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Article
- Development of a New Integrated System for Vital Sign Monitoring in Small Animals.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Experimental Applications and Factors Involved in Validating Thermal Windows Using Infrared Thermography to Assess the Health and Thermostability of Laboratory Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Developing Recommendations for Cumulative Endpoints and Lifetime Use for Research Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- An Anatomical Thermal 3D Model in Preclinical Research: Combining CT and Thermal Images.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Infrared thermal imaging associated with pain in laboratory animals.Experimental animals · 2021Review
- Refinement and validation of infrared thermal imaging (IRT): a non-invasive technique to measure disease activity in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2020Article
- Inexpensive Home Infrared Living/Environment Sensor with Regional Thermal Information for Infant Physical and Psychological Development.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Estimating Departure Time Using Thermal Camera and Heat Traces Tracking Technique.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Modelling and Validation of Computer Vision Techniques to Assess Heart Rate, Eye Temperature, Ear-Base Temperature and Respiration Rate in Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Article
- Remote vitals monitoring in rodents using video recordings.Biomedical optics express · 2019Article
- Nesting box imager: Contact-free, real-time measurement of activity, surface body temperature, and respiratory rate applied to hibernating mouse models.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Perspective review of optical imaging in welfare assessment in animal-based research.Journal of biomedical optics · 2019Review
- Contactless monitoring of heart and respiratory rate in anesthetized pigs using infrared thermography.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Animal research has always played a crucial role in various medical and scientific breakthroughs. They offer, inter alia, insights into diseases mechanisms, genetic predisposition to a disease, and drug therapy. However, the use of animals for medical research is a cause of major controversies and debates in modern science. To warrant high bioethical standards, new directives have been being adopted to replace animal research whenever possible, to reduce the number of animals, and to refine the procedures to minimize stress and pain. Here, we present two new approaches, based on thermal imaging (a remote and passive technology), to assess respiratory rate (RR) as well as exploratory behavior and general activity in rodents. In animal research, these parameters are gold standards for welfare assessment. The approaches were validated in a study conducted with both rats and mice. To test the feasibility of our algorithm to estimate RR, thermal videos from anesthetized rodents were acquired. The capability of the second approach to monitor activity was tested with videos of Open Field tests. Regarding RR, a high agreement between thermal imaging and gold standard (electrocardiography-derived RR) was achieved. The mean relative error averaged 0.50 ± 0.15 breaths/min and 4.55 ± 2.94 breaths/min for rats and mice, respectively. The second approach was capable of monitoring and tracking the activity of the rodents very well. This paper demonstrates that thermal imaging is a promising and relevant alternative for monitoring of RR and activity in rodents, thus contributing to the remote assessment of animal welfare.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.