Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness and Statin Use Among Adults in the United States, 2011-2017.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of statins was associated with reduced COVID-19 mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2021 · on this mapPooled it
- Passive immune therapy and other immunomodulatory agents for the treatment of severe influenza: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-reactivity of antibodies induced by H7 influenza vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Pooled it
- Medication count, including statin or metformin use, is not associated with influenza vaccine responses in older adults.Vaccine · 2025Trial
- Evaluating the Impact of Statin Use on Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness and Influenza Infection in Older Adults.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- The effect of statins on the prevalence and mortality of influenza virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2022Review
- Biological Actions, Implications, and Cautions of Statins Therapy in COVID-19.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Atorvastatin restricts the ability of influenza virus to generate lipid droplets and severely suppresses the replication of the virus.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStatin medications have immunomodulatory effects. Several recent studies suggest that statins may reduce influenza vaccine response and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE).
methodsWe compared influenza VE in statin users and nonusers aged ≥45 years enrolled in the US Vaccine Effectiveness Network study over 6 influenza seasons (2011-2012 through 2016-2017). All enrollees presented to outpatients clinics with acute respiratory illness and were tested for influenza. Information on vaccination status, medical history, and statin use at the time of vaccination were collected by medical and pharmacy records. Using a test-negative design, we estimated VE as (1 - OR) × 100, in which OR is the odds ratio for testing positive for influenza virus among vaccinated vs unvaccinated participants.
resultsAmong 11692 eligible participants, 3359 (30%) were statin users and 2806 (24%) tested positive for influenza virus infection; 78% of statin users and 60% of nonusers had received influenza vaccine. After adjusting for potential confounders, influenza VE was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22%-47%) among statin users and 39% (95% CI, 32%-45%) among nonusers. We observed no significant modification of VE by statin use. VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B viruses were similar among statin users and nonusers.
conclusionsIn this large observational study, influenza VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza illness was not affected by current statin use among persons aged ≥45 years. Statin use did not modify the effect of vaccination on influenza when analyzed by type and subtype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.