ReviewInternational journal of medical education2018
Health Sciences cultural safety education in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States: a literature review.
Review in International journal of medical education, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Indigenous people's experiences of primary health care in Canada: a qualitative systematic review.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2024Pooled it
- Health professional perspectives on translation of cultural safety concepts into practice: A scoping study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2022Pooled it
- An Indigenous cultural competence model for dentistry education.British dental journal · 2020Pooled it
- The most significant change for Colombian medical trainees going transformative learning on cultural safety: qualitative results from a randomised controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2022Trial
- Game jams for cultural safety training in Colombian medical education: a pilot randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2021Trial
- Impact of game jam learning about cultural safety in Colombian medical education: a randomised controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2021Trial
- Cheko Gǫįtì (gift of the child): discerning maternal services, policies and influences during tumultuous times in the Northwest Territories, Canada (2018 to 2024).International journal of circumpolar health · 2026Article
- Non-Indigenous Public Health Educators' Readiness to Engage With Aboriginal Elders and Knowledge-Holders: A Baseline Study Informing Indigenous-Led Consultation.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring cultural safety and person- and patient-centred care in general practice: voices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- The Practices and Challenges of Indigenizing Dental and Dental Hygiene Education in Canada.Journal of dental education · 2026Article
- Exploring approaches to teaching Indigenous health curricula from the perspectives of faculty and residents.Medical education online · 2025Article
- A qualitative study of challenges and facilitators to implementing an Indigenous-led cultural safety education program within a large urban emergency department in Vancouver, Canada.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Refining the definitions of cultural safety, cultural competency and Indigenous health: lessons from Aotearoa New Zealand.International journal for equity in health · 2025Review
- Cultural safety and First Nations health content within tertiary education for undergraduate health-care students: A scoping review.Australian occupational therapy journal · 2025Article
- Cultural Safety in Clinical Research: A Conceptual Overview and Call to Action.Innovation in aging · 2025Review
- Curriculum Indigenization in oral health professions' education worldwide: A scoping review.Journal of dental education · 2025Article
- Study protocol: Return to Country, an Australia-wide prospective observational study about returning First Nations renal patients home.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Bibliometric analysis of research hotspots and global trends in patient safety education for nursing students.Medicine · 2024Article
- Translating research into a relevant education activity to fulfil pharmacists' continuing professional development requirements.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo review the research literature on cultural safety education within post-secondary health science programs.
methodsWe conducted health and social science database searches from 1996-2016, using combined keywords: cultural competence or safety; teaching or curriculum; universities, polytechnics or professional programs; and Aboriginal or Indigenous. In dyads, authors selected, and reviewed studies independently followed by discussion and consensus to identify thematic linkages of major findings.
resultsA total of 1583 abstracts and 122 full-text articles were reviewed with 40 selected for final inclusion. Publications from Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States described curriculum development and delivery. A variety of evaluation approaches were used including anecdotal reports, focus groups, interviews, course evaluations, reflective journals, pre-post surveys, critical reflective papers, and exam questions. Duration and depth of curricular exposure ranged from one day to integration across a six-year program. Changes in student knowledge, attitude, self-confidence, and behaviour when working with Indigenous populations were reported. Cultural safety education and application to practice were shown to be linked to improved relationships, healthier outcomes, and increased number of Indigenous people entering health education programs and graduates interested in working in diverse communities.
conclusionsThis review provides a summary of multidisciplinary didactic and experiential instructional approaches to cultural safety education and the impact on students, educators and Indigenous people. Institutional support, strategic planning and cultural safety curriculum policy within post-secondary settings and community engagement are imperative for positive student experiences, advocacy, and actions toward health equity and improved health for Indigenous people and communities.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.