Trial reportAddictive behaviors2019
Sleep quality in cigarette smokers: Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise.
Trial report in Addictive behaviors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Sleep Quality and Physical Activity in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment With Activity Trackers for Smoking Cessation
Feasibility and Effects of Activity Trackers Among Alcohol Users Receiving In-patient Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Objective and subjective measurement of sleep in people who use substances: Emerging evidence and recommendations from a systematic review.Journal of sleep research · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of exercise of different intensities on withdrawal symptoms among people with substance use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- Sleep quality and health among pregnant smokers.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Trial
- Biopsychosocial inequality, active lifestyle and chronic health conditions: a cross-sectional National Health Survey 2013 in Brazil.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Sleep Difficulties and Their Associations With Smoking Abstinence Among Adults Seeking Tobacco Cessation Treatment.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Impact of Physical Activity on Smoking, Sleep Disorders, and Depression Among U.S. Adults.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026Article
- Sedentary Behavior Worsens the Adverse Impact of E-cigarettes Smoking on Sleep Quality.Medeniyet medical journal · 2025Article
- Associations Between Nicotine Metabolites and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in the General Population.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Association between fish consumption and sleep disorders among Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of loneliness on sleep quality in college students: a chained mediation model involving perceived stress and expressive suppression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Physical Activity Level and Sleep Quality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. A Cross-Sectional Study.Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Physical Activity as a Central Pillar of Lifestyle Modification in the Management of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Narrative Review.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Review
- Smoking disrupts the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid IL-1β and multiple subdimensions of sleep.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Global Perspectives on Sleep Health: Definitions, Disparities, and Implications for Public Health.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Prediction of physiological status, community participation, and daily activity function to sleep quality for outpatient dynapenic older people.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Abnormal power and spindle wave activity during sleep in young smokers.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Influence of Socio-Demographic, Occupational and Lifestyle Variables on Sleep Time.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionCompared to the general population, cigarette smokers report poorer sleep quality. Poor sleep quality in cigarette smokers is associated with greater nicotine dependence. While exercise is known to improve sleep quality in the general population, less is known about how exercise effects sleep in those who smoke. The goal of this study was to explore the relationships between exercise, sleep, and smoking in cigarette smokers.
methodsData on sleep quality (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)), smoking-related outcomes (e.g., cigarettes/day, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Minnesota Nicotine and Withdrawal Scale, and Questionnaire of Smoking Urges) and exercise (Fitbit activity measures) were collected for 32 participants (63% female, mean age 30.3 ± 1.0 years) participating in a 12-week clinical research study. Analyses included simple linear regression models.
resultsOverall, participants reported poor sleep quality at baseline (PSQI > 5). Poorer sleep quality at baseline was associated with increased withdrawal (β = 1.63 ± 0.53, p = 0.0043), craving (β = 0.51 ± 0.43, p = 0.2471), and total smoking urges (β = 1.10 ± 0.41, p = 0.0118). During follow-up (i.e., from baseline to week 12), a daily increase in exercise was associated with improved sleep quality over the same time period (PSQI: β = -0.82 ± 0.35, p = 0.0379).
conclusionOur data suggest that better sleep quality may be associated with lower levels of withdrawal, craving, and smoking urges. Further, exercise may be associated with better sleep quality in cigarette smokers. Future work should explore how increasing exercise and improving sleep quality could inform future smoking cessation interventions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.