Observational studyJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2019
What Is a Falls Risk Factor? Factors Associated with Falls per Time or per Step in Individuals with Glaucoma.
Observational study in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of peripheral field loss on gait performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Correlates of Physical Activity among Adults with Sight Loss in High-Income-Countries: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Environmental and behavioural interventions for reducing physical activity limitation and preventing falls in older people with visual impairment.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study (NYC-SIGHT): a nested cross-sectional assessment of falls risk within a cluster randomised trial.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2024Trial
- Randomised Controlled Trial Of The Effect Of Tai Chi On Postural Balance Of People With Dementia.Clinical interventions in aging · 2019Trial
- Gait Metrics in Elderly Fallers and Non-Fallers with Varying Levels of Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Approaching rehabilitation in patients with advanced glaucoma.Eye (London, England) · 2023Review
- Relationship between Claims-Based Frailty Index and Eye Care Utilization among Medicare Beneficiaries with Glaucoma.Ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Free-Living Gait Cadence Measured by Wearable Accelerometer: A Promising Alternative to Traditional Measures of Mobility for Assessing Fall Risk.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Longitudinal Associations Between Falls and Risk of Gait Decline: Results From the Central Control of Mobility and Aging Study.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Evaluation of away-from-home excursion patterns after falling among individuals with glaucoma: a longitudinal study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Quantifying the risk of falls and injuries for amputees beyond annual fall rates-A longitudinal cohort analysis based on person-step exposure over time.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Sensory integration abilities for balance in glaucoma, a preliminary study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Rate of Falls, Fear of Falling, and Avoidance of Activities At-Risk for Falls in Older Adults With Glaucoma.American journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- The Impact of Weather and Seasons on Falls and Physical Activity among Older Adults with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Characterizing Longitudinal Changes in Physical Activity and Fear of Falling after Falls in Glaucoma.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2021Article
- Gait in Elderly Glaucoma: Impact of Lighting Conditions, Changes in Lighting, and Fear of Falling.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Gait and Balance as Predictors and/or Mediators of Falls in Glaucoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Seeing other perspectives: evaluating the use of virtual and augmented reality to simulate visual impairments (OpenVisSim).NPJ digital medicine · 2020Article
- Widespread brain reorganization perturbs visuomotor coordination in early glaucoma.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether visual field (VF) damage or other factors confer a similar risk of falling when falls are ascertained as a rate over time (falls/year) as when ascertained over activity (falls/step).
designProspective, observational cohort study.
settingClinic-based recruitment with real-world monitoring of falls and physical activity. PARTICPANTS: Individuals with glaucoma or suspected glaucoma (N=230). MEASUREMENTS: Participants recorded falls using daily calendars, with injuries identified in a follow-up questionnaire. Annual 1-week accelerometer trials were used to estimate steps. VF results from both eyes were merged to determine integrated VF sensitivity, with lower sensitivity indicating greater VF damage. Other potential risk factors for falls (age, sex, race, comorbid illness, polypharmacy) were determined using questionnaires.
resultsThe cumulative probability of falls was 45.2% at 12 months and 61.6% at 24 months; cumulative probability of injurious falls was 23.3% at 12 months and 40.0% at 24 months. Greater VF damage was associated with higher rates of falls/steps (incident rate ratio = 1.40/5 dB decrement in sensitivity; p = .004) but not with more falls/year (incident rate ratio = 1.25/5 dB decrement in sensitivity; p = .07). Several additional variables (older age, female sex, more comorbid disease) were also associated with a higher rate of falls/step (p < .02 for all) but not with falls/year (p > 0.10). Black participants had fewer falls/year than whites (p = .002) but did not differ in falls/step (p = .07). Similar results were obtained when injurious falls were analyzed.
conclusionsRisk factors associated with frequent falls when walking (falls/step) are not properly identified when analyzing falls as a rate over time (falls/year). Given the clinical importance of preventing falls while preserving physical activity, falls assessment integrated with activity measurement is recommended when determining whether a risk factor is associated with falls. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:87-92, 2019.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.