ArticleRevista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)
The validity and reliability of the CAMDEX-DS for assessing dementia in adults with Down syndrome in Brazil.
Article in Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The reliability and validity of DSM 5 diagnostic criteria for neurocognitive disorder and relationship with plasma neurofilament light in a down syndrome population.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Ageing in Adults With Mild and Moderate Intellectual Disabilities in Brazil: A Biopsychosocial Comparison of Individuals With and Without Down Syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Observational
- Association of gait, balance, and fall risk with dementia in Down syndrome: a systematic review of the literature.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2026Review
- Charting the future: current and future directions in translational research for individuals with Down syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Review
- Kynurenine pathway metabolite alterations in Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Validation of the CAMCOG-DS-II, a neuropsychological test battery for Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome: A Horizon 21 European Down syndrome Consortium study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Assessment of language abilities and functionality in adults and elders with Down syndrome.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Article
- Object and action naming in adults and aged people with Down syndrome.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Article
- Assessment of cognitive function in individuals with Down syndrome and dementia: a systematic review.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Review
- Validation of the Norma Latina Neuropsychological Assessment Battery in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease in Mexico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Cognitive outcome measures for tracking Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome.International review of research in developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease in Down Syndrome and Its Impact on Caregiver Distress.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Article
- [A German version of the Cambridge examination for mental disorders of older people with Down's syndrome and others with intellectual disabilities : A diagnostic procedure for detecting dementia in people with Down's syndrome].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAlzheimer's disease occurs at a higher prevalence and an earlier age in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) than typically developing individuals. However, diagnosing dementia in individuals with intellectual disability remains a challenge due to pre-existing cognitive deficits. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of Older People with Down's syndrome and Others with Intellectual Disabilities (CAMDEX-DS) for individuals with DS.
methodsTwo psychiatrists, working independently, evaluated 92 adults with DS ≥ 30 years of age. The concurrent validity of the CAMDEX-DS was analyzed in relation to the gold standard of established international criteria. In a subgroup of 20 subjects, the concurrent validity of the CAMDEX-DS was analyzed in relation to an independent objective assessment of cognitive decline over three years. We analyzed the inter-rater reliability of cognitive assessment.
resultsThe diagnostic accuracy of the CAMDEX-DS compared to the gold standard was 96.7%. CAMDEX-DS-based diagnosis was considered consistent with cognitive decline. The probability of a participant with dementia having cognitive decline was 83%. Inter-rater reliability for the participant assessment was good, with a kappa of > 0.8 for 93% of the CAMDEX-DS items.
conclusionThe CAMDEX-DS can be considered the first valid and reliable instrument for evaluating dementia in adults with DS in Brazil. Its use in such individuals could improve clinical practice and research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.