Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30365451›Full record

ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019

Individual and Network Factors Associated With Racial Disparities in HIV Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: Results From the RADAR Cohort Study.

Brian Mustanski, Ethan Morgan, Richard DʼAquila, Michelle Birkett, Patrick Janulis, Michael E Newcomb

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A Review of Network Models for HIV Spread.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025
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25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Brian MustanskiDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Ethan MorganDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Richard DʼAquilaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Translational Research Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Michelle BirkettDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Patrick JanulisDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Michael E NewcombDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Northwestern University · US

Funding

Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NUCATS)UL1TR001422 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI D'AQUILA, RICHARD · 2015 to 2023
$56.8M
Virology and Immunology Technology CoreP30AI117943 · NIAID · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo · 2015 to 2026
$38.4M
The RADAR cohort study of multilevel Influences on HIV and substance useU01DA036939 · NIDA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Brian Mustanski, Michael E Newcomb · 2014 to 2026
$29.5M
Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Science (MCTS) Program (UL1)UL1TR000150 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI LLOYD-JONES, DONALD M · 2012 to 2013
$10.1M
A Multilevel Network Model of Drug Use and HIV Racial Disparities in MenK08DA037825 · NIDA · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI BIRKETT, MICHELLE · 2015 to 2019
$846k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000150NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001422NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI117943NIDA NIH HHS K08 DA037825NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA036939
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividual sexual risk behaviors have failed to explain the observed racial disparity in HIV acquisition. To increase understanding of potential drivers in disparities, we assessed differences across individual, network, and social determinants.

methodsData come from RADAR (N = 1015), a longitudinal cohort study of multilevel HIV-risk factors among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) aged 16-29 years in Chicago, IL. Data collection includes biological specimens; network data, including detailed information about social, sexual, and drug-use networks; and psychosocial characteristics of YMSM.

resultsCompared to white YMSM (24.8%) and Hispanic YMSM (30.0%), black YMSM (33.9%) had a higher prevalence of both HIV (32%; P < 0.001) and rectal sexually transmitted infections (26.5%; P = 0.011) with no observed differences in pre-exposure prophylaxis use. Black YMSM reported lower rates of sexual risk behaviors and more lifetime HIV tests (P < 0.001) compared with all other YMSM; however, they were also significantly less likely to achieve viral suppression (P = 0.01). Black YMSM reported the highest rate of cannabis use (P = 0.03) as well as greater levels of stigma (P < 0.001), victimization (P = 0.04), trauma (P < 0.001), and childhood sexual abuse (P < 0.001). White YMSM reported higher rates of depression (P < 0.001) and alcohol use (P < 0.001). In network analyses, significant differences existed across network characteristics with black YMSM having the lowest transitivity (P = 0.002), the highest density (P < 0.001), and the highest homophily (P < 0.001).

conclusionsBlack YMSM do not report higher rates of HIV-risk behaviors, but social and network determinants are aligned toward increased HIV risk. These results suggest that network interventions and those addressing social determinants may help reduce disparities.

Indexed as

Race FactorsSocial NetworkingAdolescentAdultBlack or African AmericanChicagoHealth Status DisparitiesHIV InfectionsHomosexuality, MaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleRisk-TakingSexual PartnersUnsafe SexYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID30365451
PMCPMC6289601
OpenAlexW2898506901

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.