ReviewMovement disorders clinical practice2014
The Phenomenology of Functional (Psychogenic) Dystonia.
Review in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Polyelectromyography Under Propofol to Differentiate Functional from Idiopathic Dystonia: A Pilot Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- Functional cervical dystonia: diagnostic accuracy of distinct clinical features.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Orthodontic considerations for managing patients with functional movement disorders: a narrative review and clinical guide.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Review
- Functional Movement Disorders: Updates and Clinical Overview.Journal of movement disorders · 2024Article
- [Conclusion instead of exclusion-The clinical diagnosis of functional movement disorders].Der Nervenarzt · 2024Review
- Clinical neurophysiology of functional motor disorders: IFCN Handbook Chapter.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2024Review
- A Reflection on Motor Overflow, Mirror Phenomena, Synkinesia and Entrainment.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Review
- Electrophysiology in Functional Movement Disorders: An Update.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Review
- Dysfunctional Networks in Functional Dystonia.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Review
- 'Tricked' sensory trick: a geste antagoniste in functional dystonia.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- From Collar to Coccyx: Truncal Movement Disorders: A Clinical Review.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2021Review
- Functional dystonia: A case-control study and risk prediction algorithm.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2021Article
- Clinical Correlates of Functional Motor Disorders: An Italian Multicenter Study.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2020Article
- Can Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation Rescue Borderline Dystonia? Possible Coexistence of Functional (Psychogenic) and Organic Components.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Plasticity and dystonia: a hypothesis shrouded in variability.Experimental brain research · 2020Review
- Functional Dystonia: Differentiation From Primary Dystonia and Multidisciplinary Treatments.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Lasting Effects of Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Writer's Cramp: A Case Report.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2019Article
- Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment of Functional Neurological Disorders.JAMA neurology · 2018Review
- Twisted in Pain: The Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach to Functional Dystonia.Harvard review of psychiatryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
From the very first descriptions of dystonia, there has been a lack of agreement on the differentiation of organic from functional (psychogenic) dystonia. This lack of agreement has had a significant effect on patients over the years, most particularly in the lack of access to appropriate management, whether for those with organic dystonia diagnosed as having a functional cause or vice versa. However, clinico-genetic advances have led to greater certainty about the phenomenology of organic dystonia and therefore recognition of atypical forms. The diagnosis of functional dystonia rests on recognition of its phenomenology and should not be, as far as possible, a diagnosis of exclusion. Here, we present an overview of the phenomenology of functional dystonia, concentrating on the three main phenotypic presentations: functional cranial dystonia; functional fixed dystonia; and functional paroxysmal dystonia. We hope that this review of phenomenology will aid in the positive diagnosis of functional dystonia and, through this, will lead to more rapid access to appropriate management.
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Registered trials
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