ReviewDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CNLDO): A Review.
Review in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Success Rate of the Primary Probing in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Different Age Groups.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Branchio-oto-renal syndrome: a narrative review.Childhood kidney diseases · 2026Review
- Nasolacrimal balloon dacryoplasty versus nasolacrimal bi-canalicular intubation for the management of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction with a previous failed probing or intubation: a retrospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Imaging for Pediatric Head and Neck Emergencies: Critical Insights.Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology · 2026Review
- Genetic Regulation of Wnt/PCP Components Through Fgf10/Fgfr2/Sox9 Module in Tear Duct Development.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Outcomes of lacrimal sac hydrostatic pressure application in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: Natural Course, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Repositioning of the completely prolapsed lacrimal tube after bicanalicular intubation: a novel technique.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Bacteriologic profile and antimicrobial resistance in infants aged 1 year or younger with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Unlocking the secrets of success in probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: investigating the factors that matter.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Laryngeal Mask Airway Versus Endotracheal Intubation during Lacrimal Duct Stenosis Surgery in Children-A Retrospective Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Microbiological isolates and associated complications of dacryocystitis and canaliculitis in a prominent tertiary ophthalmic teaching hospital in northern China.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Surgical Outcomes in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction After Probing Failure: A One-Stage Approach.Beyoglu eye journal · 2024Article
- Osteochodromyxoma presenting as case of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2023Article
- Comparison of Outcomes of Silicone Tube Intubation with or without Dacryoendoscopy for the Treatment of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Reliability and Quality of YouTube Videos on Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.Cureus · 2023Article
- Risk of Neurotoxicity with Multiple General Anaesthetics for Examination Under Anaesthesia in Paediatric Ophthalmology - A Cause for Concern?Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Histochemical Comparison of Human and Rat Lacrimal Glands: Implications for Bio-Engineering Studies.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Outcomes of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Surgery Converted into Balloon Dilation and Silicone Intubation due to Probing Difficulty.Journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Age-Specific Outcomes of Conservative Approach and Probing for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is a common condition causing excessive tearing or mucoid discharge from the eyes, due to blockage of the nasolacrimal duct system. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction affects as many as 20% children aged <1 year worldwide and is often resolved without surgery. Available treatment options are conservative therapy, including observation, lacrimal sac massage and antibiotics, and invasive therapy. Observation, combined with conservative options, seems to be the best option in infants aged <1 year. Meanwhile, in children aged >1 year, nasolacrimal probing successfully addresses most obstructions. However, the most favorable timing for probing remains controversial. To alleviate persistent epiphora and mucous drainage that is refractory to probing, repeat probing, silicone tube intubation, balloon catheter dilation or dacryocystorhinostomy can be considered as available treatment options. Our review aims to provide an update to CNDO management protocols.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.