Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30359468›Full record

ArticleCancer2018

Effectiveness and cost of multilayered colorectal cancer screening promotion interventions at federally qualified health centers in Washington State.

Kathryn E Kemper, Becky L Glaze, Casey L Eastman, Roxane C Waldron, Sonja Hoover, T'Ronda Flagg, Florence K L Tangka, Sujha Subramanian

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kathryn E KemperHealthPoint, Renton, Washington.
Becky L GlazeHealthPoint, Renton, Washington.
Casey L EastmanWashington State Department of Health, Tumwater, Washington.
Roxane C WaldronWashington State Department of Health, Tumwater, Washington.
Sonja HooverRTI International, Waltham, Massachusetts, North Carolina.ORCID 0000-0002-6205-1212
T'Ronda FlaggDivision of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Florence K L TangkaDivision of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Sujha SubramanianRTI International, Waltham, Massachusetts, North Carolina.ORCID 0000-0003-2415-9721

Funding

CDC HHSIntramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt has been demonstrated that fecal immunochemical test (FIT) mailing programs are effective for increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The objectives of the current study were to assess the magnitude of uptake that could be achieved with a mailed FIT program in a federally qualified health center and whether such a program can be implemented at a reasonable cost to support sustainability.

methodsThe Washington State Department of Health's partner HealthPoint implemented a direct-mail FIT program at 9 medical clinics, along with a follow-up reminder letter and automated telephone calls to those not up-to-date with recommended screening. Supplemental outreach events at selected medical clinics and a 50th birthday card screening reminder program also were implemented. The authors collected and analyzed process, effectiveness, and cost measures and conducted a systematic assessment of the short-term cost effectiveness of the interventions.

resultsOverall, 5178 FIT kits were mailed with 4009 follow-up reminder letters, and 8454 automated reminder telephone calls were made over 12 months. In total, 1607 FIT kits were returned within 3 months of the end of the implementation period: an overall return rate of 31% for the mailed FIT program. The average total intervention cost per FIT kit returned was $39.81, and the intervention implementation cost per kit returned was $18.76.

conclusionsThe mailed FIT intervention improved CRC screening uptake among HealthPoint's patient population. This intervention was implemented for less than $40 per individual successfully screened. The findings and lessons learned can assist other clinics that serve disadvantaged populations to increase their CRC screening adherence.

Indexed as

Health PromotionMass ScreeningAccreditationAdultAgedAged, 80 and overColorectal NeoplasmsCost-Benefit AnalysisEarly Detection of CancerFecesFederal GovernmentFemaleHealth Plan ImplementationHumansMaleMiddle Agedcancer screeningcolorectal cancercommunity health centershealth care economics and organizationsreminder systemWashington

Identifiers

PMID30359468
PMCPMC6263795

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.