ReviewFrontiers in physiology2018
The Role of Inflammation and Immune Cells in Blood Flow Restriction Training Adaptation: A Review.
Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04248413 (Blood Flow Restriction Training Following Acute Shoulder Injury In Baseball Players), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Blood Flow Restriction Training Following Acute Shoulder Injury In Baseball Players: Assessment of Efficacy in Return to Sport
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of blood flow restriction training on patients with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Acute Inflammatory Responses to Blood Flow Restriction Training: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of blood flow restriction training on early muscle strength and mid-term knee function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of low-load blood flow restriction training on knee osteoarthritis pain and muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of blood flow restriction training on bone metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- Anti-inflammatory effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in human skeletal muscle after BFR-exercise.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Personalized blood flow restriction training at variable occlusion pressures improves multisystem function in overweight and obese older women.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Effect of repeated post-resistance exercise cold or hot water immersion on in-season inflammatory responses in academy rugby players: a randomised controlled cross-over design.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- Chronic capsiate supplementation increases fat-free mass and upper body strength but not the inflammatory response to resistance exercise in young untrained men: a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021Trial
- Low-load blood flow restriction elicits greater concentric strength than non-blood flow restriction resistance training but similar isometric strength and muscle size.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Trial
- "CLINICAL-BFR": An exploratory blood flow restriction protocol focusing on clinical application.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Article
- Pathological changes and therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia.EFORT open reviews · 2026Review
- Blood flow restriction modulates common drive to motor units and force precision: implications for neuromuscular coordination.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- A hierarchical integration model of effort perception: peripheral, central, cognitive, temporal, and applied mechanisms revealed through blood flow restriction.Frontiers in neuroergonomics · 2026Review
- Accelerating an Olympic Decathlete's Return to Competition Using High-Frequency Blood Flow Restriction Training: A Case Report.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Proximal Effects of Blood Flow Restriction on Shoulder Muscle Function and Discomfort During Low-Intensity Exercise.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Blood flow restriction training before platelet-rich plasma preparation induces a significant reduction in its interleukin-6 levels: A pilot randomised controlled trial.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Sports Massage and Blood Flow Restriction Combined with Cold Therapy Accelerate Muscle Recovery After Fatigue in Mixed Martial Arts Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- The effectiveness of individualized blood flow restriction training following patellar fracture surgery: a case series.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Blood flow restriction (BFR) combined with low-intensity strength training has been shown to increase skeletal muscle mass and strength in a variety of populations. BFR results in a robust metabolic stress which is hypothesized to induce muscle growth via increased recruitment of fast-twitch muscle fibers, a greater endocrine response, and/or enhancing the cellular swelling contribution to the hypertrophic process. Following exercise, neutrophils are the first immune cells to initiate the tissue remodeling process via several mechanisms including an increased production of cytokines and recruitment of monocytes/macrophages, which facilitate the phagocytosis of foreign particles, the differentiation of myoblasts, and the formation of new myotubes. Thus, the purpose of this review was to discuss the mechanisms through which metabolic stress and immune cell recruitment may induce skeletal muscle remodeling following BFR strength training.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.