ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2018
Lead Exposure in Low and Middle-Income Countries: Perspectives and Lessons on Patterns, Injustices, Economics, and Politics.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Associated with Early-Life Exposure to Heavy Metals: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Blood lead levels ≤10 micrograms/deciliter and executive functioning across childhood development: A systematic review.Neurotoxicology and teratologyPooled it
- Individual and contextual characteristics of blood lead level among adults in Port-au-Prince, Haiti: A cross-sectional analysis.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Childhood Lead Exposure in Primary Health Care Settings in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bogor City and Bogor Regency.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Global Burden of Lead Exposure: Integrating Epidemiology, Molecular Mechanisms, and Mitigation Approaches.Health science reports · 2026Article
- The Burdens of Idiopathic Developmental Intellectual Disability Attributable to Lead Exposure from 1990 to 2023 and a Projection to 2050 in the USA: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Associations between prenatal exposure to a mixture of lead, mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls and executive function in Inuit adolescents.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Environmental Determinants of Early Childhood Caries: A Narrative Synthesis of Observational Evidence and Implications for Global Policy.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Metal Mixtures Mediate the Socioeconomic Gradient in Blood Pressure: A Four-Way Decomposition in a Prospective Rural Bangladeshi Cohort.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- A Diagnostic Pitfall: Hidden Hazards of Lead Neuropathy by Co-Existence of Hemoglobinopathy and Cervical Radiculomyelopathy.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Lead Poisoning in the Americas: Sources, Regulations, Health Impacts, and Molecular Mechanisms.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Review
- Pharmacokinetics of metal excretion following different doses of sodium EDTA infusion.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2025Article
- Lead and Iron Levels in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood in Basrah, Iraq.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025Article
- The burden and trend prediction of ischemic heart disease associated with lead exposure: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Impact of lead exposure on global chronic kidney disease attributable to hypertension: deaths and disability-adjusted life years from 1990 to 2021 and projected trends for 2022-2036.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Toxicological impacts and mitigation strategies of food contaminants: a global perspective and comprehensive narrative review.Current research in toxicology · 2025Review
- Health of refugee children upon arrival in high-income countries: A scoping review.Journal of migration and health · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lead exposure is a legacy issue that continues to affect vulnerable population groups globally, but particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICS). We take a multi-disciplinary approach to examine the patterns of lead exposure in these countries, discuss the underlying injustices and socio-political causes, and the economic costs that are associated with exposure. We conclude with some lessons we drew from our discussion of lead across the disciplines and advocate for a number of approaches to solving this ongoing issue. These include (i) biomonitoring that could be integrated into existing health surveys or public health programs targeting young children; (ii) greater civic engagement to push for solutions; and, (iii) environmental control policies that represent a continuum of local, context-specific to broad, national-level, and even global approaches.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.