ArticleCell reports2018
Hypothalamic Macrophage Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Mediates Obesity-Associated Hypothalamic Inflammation.
Article in Cell reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Pooled it
- Hypothalamic neurovascular and extracellular matrix remodeling: Cellular niche orchestration of immune-metabolic adaptation to nutritional stress.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Ovarian hormones and high-fat diet duration distinctively modulate hypothalamic chemokine profile.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Redefining the timeline: a three-phase framework of hypothalamic microinflammation in metabolic disease.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Macrophage regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and gonadal axis homeostasis and hormonal output.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
- Spatial characterisation of TREM2 expression in actively demyelinating multiple sclerosis lesions supports its key roles in lipid metabolic pathways.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Metabolic inflammation at the adipose-brain axis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Is Adipose Tissue Inflammation the Culprit of Obesity-Associated Comorbidities?Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Neuro-immune Interactions in Metabolic Regulation: Brain and Adipose Tissue Crosstalk.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Immune control of brain physiology.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Macrophage-Specific Progranulin Deficiency Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity through the Inhibition of Hypothalamic and Adipose Tissue Inflammation.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Plant-Derived Compounds and Prevention of Chronic Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Perivascular macrophages in the central nervous system: insights into their roles in health and disease.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Kumquat Fruit Administration Counteracts Dysmetabolism-Related Neurodegeneration and the Associated Brain Insulin Resistance in the High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Association between systemic immune inflammation index and adolescent obesity in a cross-sectional analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interleukin-2 improves insulin sensitivity through hypothalamic sympathetic activation in obese mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Neuroimmunology of Cardiovascular Disease.Current hypertension reports · 2024Review
- CNS Resident Innate Immune Cells: Guardians of CNS Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Obesity-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction: phenotypes and mechanisms.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Platelet-derived growth factor signaling in pericytes promotes hypothalamic inflammation and obesity.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Obesity-associated metabolic alterations are closely linked to low-grade inflammation in peripheral organs, in which macrophages play a central role. Using genetic labeling of myeloid lineage cells, we show that hypothalamic macrophages normally reside in the perivascular area and circumventricular organ median eminence. Chronic consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) induces expansion of the monocyte-derived macrophage pool in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), which is significantly attributed to enhanced proliferation of macrophages. Notably, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is robustly activated in ARC macrophages of HFD-fed obese mice. Hypothalamic macrophage iNOS inhibition completely abrogates macrophage accumulation and activation, proinflammatory cytokine overproduction, reactive astrogliosis, blood-brain-barrier permeability, and lipid accumulation in the ARC of obese mice. Moreover, central iNOS inhibition improves obesity-induced alterations in systemic glucose metabolism without affecting adiposity. Our findings suggest a critical role for hypothalamic macrophage-expressed iNOS in hypothalamic inflammation and abnormal glucose metabolism in cases of overnutrition-induced obesity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.