GuidelineHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2018
Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
Guideline in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 538 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sham Controlled RCT Evaluating the Safety, Acceptability and Efficacy of Autonomic Neuromodulation Using Trans-cutaneous Vagal Stimulation in Uncontrolled Hypertensive Patients: a Pilot Study
The Systemic Effects of Transcatheter Renal Artery Sympathetic Denervation Using a Second- Generation Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter: A Multicenter Observational Study.
Resistant Hypertension An Open, Complicated ("Cum Plicare") or Complex ("Cum Plexus")
Who cites it
538 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Baxdrostat for Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Three Phase 2/3 Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical cardiology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of and associated factors for resistant hypertension in primary care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for NAT2 Genotype and Hydralazine Therapy.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Guideline
- Efficacy and Safety of Lorundrostat in Uncontrolled and/or Treatment Resistant Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- Plasma nitrate, dietary nitrate, blood pressure, and vascular health biomarkers: a GRADE-Assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2025Pooled it
- Renal Denervation Effects on Blood Pressure in Resistant and Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis of Sham-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trials.Clinical cardiology · 2025Pooled it
- [Elevated blood pressure and hypertension : Focus of the 2024 ESC guidelines on risk reduction].Herz · 2025Guideline
- Hypertension-gut microbiota research trends: a bibliometric and visualization analysis (2000-2025).Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Semaglutide and blood pressure: an individual patient data meta-analysis.European heart journal · 2024 · on this mapPooled it
- Sequential nephron blockade vs. sequential renin-angiotensin system blockade on central and ambulatory blood pressure in resistant hypertension: A randomized clinical trial.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Calcium Channel Blockade Versus β-Blockade for Hypertension in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Trial
- Clinical Decision Support System, Antihypertensive Treatment Intensification, and Blood Pressure Control: A Post Hoc Secondary Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of a modified ozone-mediated neurolysis in treatment for patients with resistant hypertension.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Trial
- CagriSema Reduces Blood Pressure in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: REDEFINE 1.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Trial
- Renal Safety of Distal Renal Denervation on Kidney Function in Diabetic Patients with Resistant Hypertension.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin in treating resistant hypertension associated with elevated serum homocysteine in hemodialysis patients.BMC nephrology · 2026Trial
- Wearable Devices as Tools for Better Hypertension Management in Elderly Patients.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- Early mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for end-organ protection in hypertension: Implications for disparities and rethinking the timing paradigm.Dialogues in health · 2026Review
478 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Resistant hypertension (RH) is defined as above-goal elevated blood pressure (BP) in a patient despite the concurrent use of 3 antihypertensive drug classes, commonly including a long-acting calcium channel blocker, a blocker of the renin-angiotensin system (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker), and a diuretic. The antihypertensive drugs should be administered at maximum or maximally tolerated daily doses. RH also includes patients whose BP achieves target values on ≥4 antihypertensive medications. The diagnosis of RH requires assurance of antihypertensive medication adherence and exclusion of the "white-coat effect" (office BP above goal but out-of-office BP at or below target). The importance of RH is underscored by the associated risk of adverse outcomes compared with non-RH. This article is an updated American Heart Association scientific statement on the detection, evaluation, and management of RH. Once antihypertensive medication adherence is confirmed and out-of-office BP recordings exclude a white-coat effect, evaluation includes identification of contributing lifestyle issues, detection of drugs interfering with antihypertensive medication effectiveness, screening for secondary hypertension, and assessment of target organ damage. Management of RH includes maximization of lifestyle interventions, use of long-acting thiazide-like diuretics (chlorthalidone or indapamide), addition of a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (spironolactone or eplerenone), and, if BP remains elevated, stepwise addition of antihypertensive drugs with complementary mechanisms of action to lower BP. If BP remains uncontrolled, referral to a hypertension specialist is advised.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.