Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30353455›Full record

ReviewEating and weight disorders : EWD2019

Ghrelin forms in the modulation of energy balance and metabolism.

Gianluca Gortan Cappellari, Rocco Barazzoni

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Beyond Hunger: The Structure, Signaling, and Systemic Roles of Ghrelin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
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  11. Article
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  15. Role of the Ghrelin System in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
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  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Gianluca Gortan CappellariDepartment of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy. gigici2@iol.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0438-5003
Rocco BarazzoniDepartment of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy. barazzon@units.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ghrelin is a gastric hormone circulating in acylated (AG) and unacylated (UnAG) forms. This narrative review aims at presenting current emerging knowledge on the impact of ghrelin forms on energy balance and metabolism. AG represents ~ 10% of total plasma ghrelin, has an appetite-stimulating effect and is the only form for which a receptor has been identified. Moreover, other metabolic AG-induced effects have been reported, including the modulation of glucose homeostasis with stimulation of liver gluconeogenesis, the increase of fat mass and the improvement of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. On the other hand, UnAG has no orexigenic effects, however recent reports have shown that it is directly involved in the modulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism by improving a cluster of interlinked functions including mitochondrial redox activities, tissue inflammation and insulin signalling and action. These findings are in agreement with human studies which show that UnAG circulating levels are positively associated with insulin sensitivity both in metabolic syndrome patients and in a large cohort from the general population. Moreover, ghrelin acylation is regulated by a nutrient sensor mechanism, specifically set on fatty acids availability. These recent findings consistently point towards a novel independent role of UnAG as a regulator of muscle metabolic pathways maintaining energy status and tissue anabolism. While a specific receptor for UnAG still needs to be identified, recent evidence strongly supports the hypothesis that the modulation of ghrelin-related molecular pathways, including those involved in its acylation, may be a potential novel target in the treatment of metabolic derangements in disease states characterized by metabolic and nutritional complications.Level of evidence Level V, narrative review.

Indexed as

AcylationAdipose TissueAppetiteEnergy IntakeEnergy MetabolismGhrelinGluconeogenesisGlucoseHomeostasisHumansInsulin ResistanceLiverMitochondria, MuscleMuscle, SkeletalGhrelinGlucoseAcylated ghrelinInflammationInsulin resistanceMitochondriaUnacylated ghrelin

Identifiers

PMID30353455

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.