Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30352996›Full record

ArticleCell death & disease2018

Nimbolide, a neem limonoid inhibits cytoprotective autophagy to activate apoptosis via modulation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signalling pathway in oral cancer.

Josephraj Sophia, Jaganathan Kowshik, Anju Dwivedi, Sujit K Bhutia, Bramanandam Manavathi, Rajakishore Mishra, Siddavaram Nagini

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death & disease, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Nomilin Rewires mTOR-Driven Immunometabolism via DDIT4 to Restrain Psoriasis.International journal of biological sciences · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Design, Synthesis and Bioactive Evaluation of Topo I/Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Autophagy in oral cancer: Promises and challenges (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2024
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Josephraj SophiaDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
Jaganathan KowshikDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
Anju DwivediDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
Sujit K BhutiaDepartment of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
Bramanandam ManavathiDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
Rajakishore MishraCentre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India.
Siddavaram NaginiDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. s_nagini@yahoo.com.
Annamalai University · INUniversity of Hyderabad · INCentral University of Jharkhand · INNational Institute of Technology Rourkela · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Of late, nimbolide, a limonoid from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has gained increasing research attention owing to its potent antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of nimbolide on autophagy and the time point at which the phosphorylation status of GSK-3β and PI3K dictate the choice between autophagy and apoptosis in SCC131 and SCC4 oral cancer cells. Additionally, we analysed changes in the expression of proteins involved in autophagy and apoptosis after therapeutic intervention with nimbolide in a hamster model of oral oncogenesis. Furthermore, we also demonstrate changes in the expression of key genes involved in apoptosis and autophagy during the stepwise evolution of hamster and human OSCCs. Nimbolide-induced stereotypical changes in oral cancer cells characteristic of both apoptosis and autophagy. Time-course experiments revealed that nimbolide induces autophagy as an early event and then switches over to apoptosis. Nimbolide negatively regulates PI3K/Akt signalling with consequent increase in p-GSK-3β

Indexed as

AnimalsAnthracenesApoptosisAutophagyAzadirachtaCarcinoma, Squamous CellCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationCricetinaeDisease Models, AnimalGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 betaHumansLimoninsMaleMesocricetusMicroRNAs3-(2,6-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methylpiperidin-4-ylideneamino)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthraceneAnthracenesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 betaHOTAIR long untranslated RNA, humanLimoninsMicroRNAsMIRN126 microRNA, humannimbolidePhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPiperidinesPlant ExtractsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktRNA, Long Noncoding

Identifiers

PMID30352996
PMCPMC6199248
OpenAlexW2897204809

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.