ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2018
Association of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease with Risk of Endometriosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study Involving 141,460 Individuals.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis of 16S rRNA Sequencing Reveals Altered Fecal but Not Vaginal Microbial Composition and Function in Women with Endometriosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Association between pelvic inflammatory disease and risk of ovarian, uterine, cervical, and vaginal cancers-a meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Pooled it
- Correlation between dysbiosis of vaginal microecology and endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Coexistence of endometriosis and human papilloma virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.New microbes and new infections · 2026Review
- Article
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of disulfiram in endometriosis: mechanisms targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, pyroptosis, and angiogenesis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Review
- Inducing factors and complication risks of pelvic inflammatory disease: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Connecting gut microbiome composition to symptom severity and host genetics in endometriosis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Microbiota insights in endometriosis.Microbiome · 2025Review
- Article
- Causal Relationship Between Endometriosis and Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases: Mendelian Randomization Study.International journal of women's health · 2024Article
- Effects of the gut microbiota and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids on endometriosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- The potential role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of endometriosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiota and Endometriosis: Exploring the Relationship and Therapeutic Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Endometrial Microbiota: Challenges and Prospects.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Gut and reproductive tract microbiota: Insights into the pathogenesis of endometriosis (Review).Biomedical reports · 2023Review
- Similarities in Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying the Bidirectional Relationship between Endometriosis and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Diet associations in endometriosis: a critical narrative assessment with special reference to gluten.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- The bidirectional relationship between endometriosis and microbiome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Increased risk of being diagnosed with endometriosis in patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue exists outside the uterine cavity. The presence of ectopic endometrial tissue and resultant inflammation cause serious symptoms, including chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility. Pelvic inflammatory disease is caused by the ascension of pathogenic bacteria from the vagina to the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The factors involved in the pathogenesis of the two conditions are not clearly understood, but recent studies have suggested that disturbances of the female reproductive tract microbiota and inflammatory processes influence the development of both diseases. Using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), we conducted a study to assess the association of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with endometriosis. An age-matched control group including patients without PID was selected. Patients with a pre-existing diagnosis of endometriosis were excluded. This nationwide retrospective cohort study, involving a total of 141,460 patients, demonstrated that patients with PID had a three-fold increase in the risk of developing endometriosis (HR = 3.02, 95% CI = 2.85⁻3.2).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.