ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2019
The Global Functioning: Social and Role Scales-Further Validation in a Large Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preventing psychosis in people at clinical high risk: an updated meta-analysis by the World Psychiatric Association Preventive Psychiatry section.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Diazepam modulates hippocampal CA1 functional connectivity in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Psychological medicine · 2025Trial
- Prevention and treatment of social anxiety disorder in adolescents: mixed method randomised controlled trial of the guided online intervention SOPHIE.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Effects of diazepam on hippocampal blood flow in people at clinical high risk for psychosis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Computer-aided learning for managing stress: A feasibility trial with clinical high risk adolescents and young adults.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Functional brain connectivity in clinical high-risk youth from the Kenya psychosis-risk outcomes study (KePROS): functional network comparative area and topography analysis (FUNCATA).NeuroImage. Clinical · 2026Article
- Dissociation, Childhood Trauma, and Emotion Processing in Individuals with Elevated Psychosis-like Experiences: A Theoretical Framework of Cognitive Integration.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Neighborhood Characteristics and Social Functioning: Exploring Shared and Distinct Psychosocial Pathways Among Individuals at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Association Between Social and Role Functioning and Transition to Psychosis in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Consortium.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Processing Speed and Verbal Learning Ability as Predictors of Assessor-Rated and Ecological Momentary Assessment Self-Reported Functioning: Findings from AMP SCZ.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Predictors and Moderators of Long-Term Outcome of Persons at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Methods and Preliminary Data.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Measuring Social and Role Recovery: Barbara Cornblatt and Colleagues' Global Functioning Scales and Their Role in Psychosocial Interventions for Clinical High-Risk and Early Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Adaptive Functioning Across Contexts: A Comparison of Parent and Self-Reported Ratings in Autistic and Non-Autistic Youth.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Computerized assessments of emotional expression and emotional reactivity predict negative symptoms in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the Pathways Between Early Auditory Processing, Processing Speed, Social Cognition, and Negative Symptoms on Social Functioning in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- GABAMolecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Allostatic load profiles, resilience, and psychosocial adaptation in young adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Conversationally Attuned: Links Between Interpersonal Linguistic Synchrony and Social Functioning Across the Early-Psychosis Spectrum.Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Stepped care involving cognitive behavioral therapy for young people at clinical high-risk for psychosis in community settings: longitudinal intervention study protocol.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Shift in sex and age of individuals at a clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis: relation to differences in recruitment methods and effect on sample characteristics.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTraditional measures for assessing functioning with adult patients with schizophrenia have been shown to be insufficient for assessing the issues that occur in adolescents and young adults at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. The current study provides an expanded validation of the Global Functioning: Social (GF:Social) and Role (GF:Role) scales developed specifically for use with CHR individuals and explores the reliability and accuracy of the ratings, the validity of the scores in comparison to other established clinical measures, stability of functioning over a 2-year period, and psychosis predictive ability.
methodsSeven hundred fifty-five CHR individuals and 277 healthy control (HC) participants completed the GF:Social and Role scales at baseline as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2).
resultsInter-rater reliability and accuracy were high for both scales. Correlations between the GF scores and other established clinical measures demonstrated acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. In addition, GF:Social and Role scores were unrelated to positive symptoms. CHR participants showed large impairments in social and role functioning over 2-years, relative to the HCs, even after adjusting for age, IQ, and attenuated positive symptoms. Finally, social decline prior to baseline was more pronounced in CHR converters, relative to non-converters.
conclusionsThe GF scales can be administered in a large-scale multi-site study with excellent inter-rater reliability and accuracy. CHR individuals showed social and role functioning impairments over time that were not confounded by positive symptom severity levels. The results of this study demonstrate that social decline is a particularly effective predictor of conversion outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.