ReviewDer Urologe. Ausg. A2018
[Mode of action, new targets and potential biomarkers in modern immunotherapy].
Review in Der Urologe. Ausg. A, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Influence of immunomodulators on urological imaging].Der Urologe. Ausg. A · 2019Review
- [Cochrane Rapid Review: the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma].Der Urologe. Ausg. A · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have significantly improved the systemic therapy of metastatic disease in genitourinary malignancies. With the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approval of the antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab directed against programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) as well as the PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab, three agents are available for the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. This article describes the underlying mode of action of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and other ICIs to activate the immune system for effective tumor rejection. Future therapeutic strategies are focusing on the combination of ICI with targeted therapies to enhance the immune defense, especially in the local tumor microenvironment. A further clinical need exists for the establishment of biomarkers to predict a therapy response under ICI, in particular for the role of the PD-L1 status. Biomarkers for predicting primary or acquired therapy resistance are also of clinical importance to enable good patient selection for ICI therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.