ArticleBritish journal of pain2018
Phantom limb pain: a review of pharmacological management.
Article in British journal of pain, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for phantom limb pain- a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Neuropathic Mechanisms in Phantom Pain: A Review of Pain Pathways and Peripheral Localization.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- EEG-based brain-computer interface with immersive virtual reality for phantom limb pain: a single-center pilot neurofeedback trial.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Optimizing Ketamine Therapy for Post-Amputation Pain.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Review
- Vestibular Versus Cochlear Stimulation on the Relief of Phantom Pain After Traumatic Finger Amputation.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Multimodal Approaches for Pain Management and Improving Functional Outcomes Following Amputation.Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine · 2025Article
- Neuropsychiatric drugs and a neurophysiological marker as predictors of health-related quality of life in patients with phantom limb pain.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Whole-Body Cryostimulation, a Complementary Treatment for Phantom Limb Syndrome: Preliminary Evidence from a Case Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- [Clinical updates on phantom limb pain : German version].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Review
- Managing acute phantom limb pain with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2023Article
- Case report: A combination of mirror therapy and magnetic stimulation to the sacral plexus relieved phantom limb pain in a patient.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- An Algorithm Approach to Phantom Limb Pain.Journal of pain research · 2022Review
- Mechanical Pain Sensitivity in Postamputation Pain.The Clinical journal of pain · 2021Article
- Selective nerve root injection of ozone for the treatment of phantom limb pain: Three case reports.Medicine · 2020Article
- Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Pain Following Amputation.Military medicine · 2019Article
- Clinical updates on phantom limb pain.Pain reportsArticle
- Prosthesis receipt is associated with improved participation and pain interference following upper limb amputation.Journal of rehabilitation and assistive technologies engineeringArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPhantom limb pain (PLP) is a complex condition resulting in pain in the missing limb affecting 60-80% amputees. Increasing number of patients are undergoing amputations. Approximately 1 per every 1000 people in the United Kingdom is an amputee. Incidence of PLP can be as high as 80% following amputation. PLP can be severe and difficult to treat. A range of pharmacological interventions exist yet little is known about them in respect to PLP. This article will address the effectiveness of both single pharmacological, therapy as well as drug combination therapy.
methodsWe reviewed all literature looking at the evidence for the efficacy of both single and combined pharmacological therapy in the management of phantom limb pain. Not all commonly prescribed analgesic agents have been studied in the use of PLP and in these cases, the evidence of their efficacy in neuropathic pain was reviewed.
conclusionIt is difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the pharmacological management of PLP based on current available evidence. Most trials involved small cohorts and were not specific to the PLP. The trials which looked specifically at the PLP population gave conflicting results. Only the
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.