ArticlePsychological medicine2019
Neuropsychological function at first episode in treatment-resistant psychosis: findings from the ÆSOP-10 study.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neuropsychological differences between treatment-resistant and treatment-responsive schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Predictors of treatment resistant schizophrenia: a systematic review of prospective observational studies.Psychological medicine · 2021Pooled it
- An etiological approach to psychosis: potential benefits for treatment, research and prevention.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Splitting schizophrenia: divergent cognitive and educational outcomes revealed by genomic structural equation modelling.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Are cognitive deficits more severe among people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia than treatment responders?Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists · 2026Article
- Premorbid school performance trajectories in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia prescribed clozapine in the public health system in Chile: a case-control study, 2007-2020.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- [Long-term courses in schizophrenia : A review of current results and developments].Der Nervenarzt · 2025Review
- Neurocognition and NMDAR co-agonists pathways in individuals with treatment resistant first-episode psychosis: a 3-year follow-up longitudinal study.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Improving outcome of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: effects of cognitive remediation therapy.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- The tertiary service for psychosis: Holistic recommendations for people with complex psychosis.Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Cognitive performance at first episode of psychosis and the relationship with future treatment resistance: Evidence from an international prospective cohort study.Schizophrenia research · 2023Article
- Impaired verbal memory function is related to anterior cingulate glutamate levels in schizophrenia: findings from the STRATA study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- A predictor model of treatment resistance in schizophrenia using data from electronic health records.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- Structural Covariance of Cortical Gyrification at Illness Onset in Treatment Resistance: A Longitudinal Study of First-Episode Psychoses.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Article
- The relationship of symptom dimensions with premorbid adjustment and cognitive characteristics at first episode psychosis: Findings from the EU-GEI study.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
- Treatment Response Distinguishes Persistent Type of Methamphetamine Psychosis From Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Among Inmates at Japanese Medical Prison.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Investigating Patient Acceptability of Stratified Medicine for Schizophrenia: A Mixed Methods Study.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2021Article
- Verbal memory measurement towards digital perspectives in first-episode psychosis: A review.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2020Review
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18 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundNeuropsychological investigations can help untangle the aetiological and phenomenological heterogeneity of schizophrenia but have scarcely been employed in the context of treatment-resistant (TR) schizophrenia. No population-based study has examined neuropsychological function in the first-episode of TR psychosis.
methodsWe report baseline neuropsychological findings from a longitudinal, population-based study of first-episode psychosis, which followed up cases from index admission to 10 years. At the 10-year follow up patients were classified as treatment responsive or TR after reconstructing their entire case histories. Of 145 cases with neuropsychological data at baseline, 113 were classified as treatment responsive, and 32 as TR at the 10-year follow-up.
resultsCompared with 257 community controls, both case groups showed baseline deficits in three composite neuropsychological scores, derived from principal component analysis: verbal intelligence and fluency, visuospatial ability and executive function, and verbal memory and learning (p values⩽0.001). Compared with treatment responders, TR cases showed deficits in verbal intelligence and fluency, both in the extended psychosis sample (t = -2.32; p = 0.022) and in the schizophrenia diagnostic subgroup (t = -2.49; p = 0.017). Similar relative deficits in the TR cases emerged in sub-/sensitivity analyses excluding patients with delayed-onset treatment resistance (p values<0.01-0.001) and those born outside the UK (p values<0.05).
conclusionsVerbal intelligence and fluency are impaired in patients with TR psychosis compared with those who respond to treatment. This differential is already detectable - at a group level - at the first illness episode, supporting the conceptualisation of TR psychosis as a severe, pathogenically distinct variant, embedded in aberrant neurodevelopmental processes.
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