ReviewNeuro-oncology2019
Viral and other therapies for recurrent glioblastoma: is a 24-month durable response unusual?
Review in Neuro-oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oncolytic DNX-2401 virotherapy plus pembrolizumab in recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 1/2 trial.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- Once, Twice, Three Times a Finding: Reproducibility of Dendritic Cell Vaccine Trials Targeting Cytomegalovirus in Glioblastoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2020Trial
- Comparative evaluation of oncolytic viruses reveals opposing preferences for glioblastoma subtypes.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting immunosuppressive myeloid cells via implant-mediated slow release of small molecules to prevent glioblastoma recurrence.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Women in neurosurgical oncology: Mapping the milestones and shaping the future.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response and resistance in glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A ribonucleotide carbohydrate system (iRNC) enhances antigen presentation and controls glioblastoma.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Precision theranostics in cervical Cancer: Harnessing stimuli-responsive hydrogels for tumor microenvironment-targeted therapy and diagnosis.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma in adults: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) and European Society of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) consensus review on current management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- Oncolytic virus-mediated immunomodulation in glioblastoma: Insights from clinical trials and challenges.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy for High-Grade Gliomas.Cancers · 2025Review
- Curative timed NK cell-based immunochemotherapy aborts brain tumour recurrence driven by mesenchymal glioma stem cells.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Synergistic effects of herpes oncolytic virus and cyclophosphamide for recurrent malignant glioma: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- An Update on the Clinical Status, Challenges, and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Gliomas.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- Pharmacological Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Toward a CXCL9 Antitumor Phenotype.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- An autologous ex vivo model for exploring patient-specific responses to viro-immunotherapy in glioblastoma.Cell reports methods · 2024Article
- Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Repurposing of Zika virus live-attenuated vaccine (ZIKV-LAV) strains as oncolytic viruses targeting human glioblastoma multiforme cells.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Glioma stem cells remodel immunotolerant microenvironment in GBM and are associated with therapeutic advancements.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2024Review
- Combined cytotoxic and immune-stimulatory gene therapy using Ad-TK and Ad-Flt3L: Translational developments from rodents to glioma patients.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A phase I trial of an engineered poliovirus for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) has attracted attention due to 8 survivors reaching the 24-month and 5 reaching the 36-month survival landmarks.1 Genetically engineered viruses (oncolytic viruses) have been in trials for GBM for almost two decades.2 These replication-competent (tumor-selective, oncolytic, replication-conditional) viruses or replication-defective viral vectors (gene therapy) deliver cytotoxic payloads to tumors, leading to immunogenic death and intratumoral inflammatory responses. This transforms the tumor microenvironment from immunologically naïve ("cold") to inflamed ("hot"), increasing immune cell recognition of tumor antigens and the durable responses observed in virotherapy.3,4 Several current and past virotherapy trials have reported a "tail" of apparent responders at the 24-month landmark. Other modalities have also reported a "tail" of seemingly long-term survivors. These trials seem to show that these responder "tails" characterize a defined subset of GBM patients.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.