SynthesisPublic health nutrition2019
Dose-response association of dietary sodium intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Synthesis in Public health nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dietary salt intake and cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses and dose-response evidence.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 471 women.Human reproduction update · 2022Pooled it
- Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Dietary Sodium Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Dietary Sodium Intake and Health Indicators: A Systematic Review of Published Literature between January 2015 and December 2019.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Comparison of 24-hour urine and 24-hour diet recall for estimating dietary sodium intake in populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Standardized chronic disease management reduces comorbidity risk in China.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Use of Herbs and Spices to Improve Food Liking and Diet Quality.Nutrition reviews · 2026Review
- Exploring Salt Reduction Strategies: Navigating Policy Implementation in the Middle East.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Compliance of large language model generated meal plans with polish dietary recommendations: a real-world evaluation under average user conditions-3(LM)Diet study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Global burden of disease from high-sodium diets, 1990-2021: analysis of GBD 2021 data.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary sodium intake and all-cause mortality in kidney stone patients: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary sodium intake and all-cause mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: an NHANES analysis (2003-2018).Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Can nutritional scores improve the WHO calibrated non-laboratory risk prediction model for cardiovascular disease? Golestan Cohort Study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Sodium, potassium intake, and all-cause mortality: confusion and new findings.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- The damaging duo: Obesity and excess dietary salt contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular disease.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Review
- Sodium, added sugar and saturated fat intake in relation to mortality and CVD events in adults: Canadian National Nutrition Survey linked with vital statistics and health administrative databases.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Frequency of adding salt at the table and risk of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Urinary sodium excretion and the risk of CVD: a community-based cohort study in Taiwan.The British journal of nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveHigh Na intake has been associated with different health problems. However, serious controversies exist over studies investigating associations of Na intake with mortality from all-causes and CVD. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was done to investigate, for the first time, the dose-response association of dietary Na intake with all-cause and CVD mortality among prospective studies.
designRelevant papers published up to August 2017 were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases. Prospective cohort studies on the association of dietary Na intake with all-cause or/and CVD mortality were included. Linear and non-linear dose-response associations between Na intake and CVD and all-cause mortality were examined.
resultsOverall, twenty publications met inclusion criteria. A significant non-linear association (P<0·001) was found between Na intake and CVD mortality risk among studies assessing urinary Na excretion, with a relatively steep slope at Na intakes above 2400mg/d. However, the association was not significant in studies using dietary Na intake (P=0·61). Additionally, the non-linear association of Na intake with all-cause mortality was also non-significant. No linear association (effect size; 95 % CI; I 2) was seen between 100mg/d increment in Na intake and CVD mortality (1·01; 0·97, 1·05; 98·4 %) or all-cause mortality (1·01; 1·00, 1·02; 89·2 %). Following subgroup analyses, the association between Na intake and CVD mortality was observed only among studies conducted in the USA (0·99; 0·99, 1·00; 20·0 %).
conclusionsThe study showed a direct association between urinary Na excretion and CVD mortality which was more considerable at intakes above 2400mg/d. In contrast, no significant association was found between Na intake and all-cause mortality. Further long-term prospective studies on different populations are required to confirm these findings.
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