ReviewCurrent psychiatry reports2018
Chromosomes to Social Contexts: Sex and Gender Differences in PTSD.
Review in Current psychiatry reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of participant diversity in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy trials.Psychiatry research · 2025Pooled it
- Gender, sex and complex PTSD clinical presentation: a systematic review.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Pooled it
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: pathogenesis, epidemiological characteristics, animal models, and potential therapeutic strategies.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Dynamic immune and metabolic dysregulation in women with post-traumatic stress disorder: Longitudinal transcriptomic insights following sexual assault.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Trauma and resilience among non-displaced in the early phase of the war in Ukraine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in paediatric patients following orthopaedic trauma: A systematic review.Journal of children's orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Mental health of palestinian undergraduates during the War on Gaza: a cross-sectional study on PTSD, CPTSD, and psychological distress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Treatment outcomes for military-affiliated clients with posttraumatic stress disorder in a community mental health network.Journal of traumatic stress · 2026Article
- The role of the first interpersonal trauma exposure's developmental period on fear regulation processes among adult women.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Gender-specific effectiveness of dialectic-behavioral therapy for patients with complex post-traumatic stress disorder (DBT-PTSD) - results of an observational single center study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Observational
- Associations between testosterone and future PTSD symptoms among middle age and older UK residents.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Displacement, personal loss, and psychological strain among physicians and nurses working in Gaza, 2023-2024.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Examining the indirect effects of life satisfaction and perceived social support on selection optimization compensation and PTSD among the senior citizens of Ekiti state: A moderated mediation approach.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Sex-Dependent Effects of Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor-Expressing Medial Prefrontal Cortex Interneurons in Fear Extinction Learning.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Testing Quantitative and Qualitative Sex Effects in a National Swedish Twin-Sibling Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors.Journal of health psychology · 2024Article
- Shame and Emotion Dysregulation as Pathways to Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Women With a History of Interpersonal Trauma.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2024Article
- Sex and gender considerations in cross-cultural traumatic stress studies.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorder and PTSD.Current addiction reports · 2023Article
- Trauma Matters: Integrating Genetic and Environmental Components of PTSD.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewThis review highlights recent research on sex- and gender-related factors in the prevalence, symptom expression, and treatment of PTSD. Further discoveries about the underlying mechanisms of sex and gender effects have the potential to shape innovative directions for research. RECENT
findingsThe prevalence of PTSD is substantially higher among women, but women show a modest advantage with respect to treatment response. There is evidence of greater heritability among females. Women are more likely to experience sexual and intimate violence, childhood trauma exposure, and repeated trauma exposures. Specific characteristics of social contexts act as gender-linked risks for PTSD. Among individuals diagnosed with PTSD, men and women are similar in phenotypic expression. Though research has yet to fully account for the factors that explain sex- and gender- related effects on PTSD, emerging research suggests these effects occur across multiple levels. Shared risk factors for trauma exposure and PTSD merit further investigation. Both social and biological contexts merit investigation to understand sex-linked differences in heritability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
30345456What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.