ReviewCureus2018
Intelligence Quotient in Patients with Myelomeningocele: A Review.
Review in Cureus, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Profile of individuals with full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) scores in the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry (NSBPR).Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Understanding Disease Aetiology and Related Needs Knowledge of Parents of Children With Spina Bifida.Child: care, health and development · 2026Article
- A scoping review of cognition in spina bifida and its consequences for activity and participation throughout life.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2022Article
- Anorectal dysfunction in adults with spina bifida and associated socio-emotional factors-a retrospective, cross-sectional cohort study.Spinal cord · 2022Article
- Needs and Research Priorities for Young People with Spinal Cord Lesion or Spina Bifida and Their Caregivers: A National Survey in Switzerland within the PEPSCI Collaboration.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association of spina bifida with cancer.Translational andrology and urology · 2020Review
- Cerebral Abnormalities in Spina Bifida: A Neuropathological Study.Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been proposed that hydrocephalus in children with myelomeningocele (MMC) can indicate a low intelligence quotient (IQ). Others have argued that it is not the mere presence of hydrocephalus but the superimposition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infections, multiple shunt procedures, and other CNS complications that lead to the lowering of IQ in these patients. In this paper, we review the literature to clarify the information about IQ in patients with MMC and whether it changes after infections and shunt procedures. We have also considered the other factors that could be involved in the IQ development of these patients and the differences revealed by the brain imaging of individuals with MMC. The consensus remains that patients with MMC, with or without complications, tend to have a lower IQ than those without MMC. Hydrocephalus appears to decrease the IQ further in MMC patients. Some have proposed that prenatal repair of the MMC lesion reduces the need for ventricular shunting after birth, thus decreasing the risk of shunt complications such as a CNS infection, which can have a negative effect on IQ. More studies are needed to assess other risk factors (apart from folate deficiency) and genetic factors that could contribute to the development of MMC and their possible effects on patient IQ.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.