ArticleCell death discovery2018
Autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) regulate mammary gland involution by restraining apoptosis-driven irreversible changes.
Article in Cell death discovery, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulation of autophagy by the p53 family and the implications for cancer therapies.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Reciprocal stabilization of CtBP and TRIM28 represses autophagy to promote metastasis.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Divergent paths of mammary gland involution: unveiling the cellular dynamics in abruptly and gradually involuted mouse models.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Aerobic interval training preconditioning protocols inhibit isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac remodeling in rats: Implications on oxidative balance, autophagy, and apoptosis.Sports medicine and health science · 2024Article
- miR-30a-3p Regulates Autophagy in the Involution of Mice Mammary Glands.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The novel Nsp9-interacting host factor H2BE promotes PEDV replication by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Rac1 controls cell turnover and reversibility of the involution process in postpartum mammary glands.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- The butyrophilin 1a1 knockout mouse revisited: Ablation ofFASEB bioAdvances · 2021Article
- CHOP Pro-Apoptotic Transcriptional Program in Response to ER Stress Is Hacked by Zika Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Cache Domain Containing 1 Is a Novel Marker of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis-Associated Hepatocarcinogenesis.Cancers · 2021Article
- Article
- Heme Induces BECN1/ATG5-Mediated Autophagic Cell Death via ER Stress in Neurons.Neurotoxicity research · 2020Article
- Characterization of Organoid Cultures to Study the Effects of Pregnancy Hormones on the Epigenome and Transcriptional Output of Mammary Epithelial Cells.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2020Review
- Is hydroxychloroquine beneficial for COVID-19 patients?Cell death & disease · 2020Review
- BCG vaccination policy and preventive chloroquine usage: do they have an impact on COVID-19 pandemic?Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Impact of HDAC Inhibitors on Protein Quality Control Systems: Consequences for Precision Medicine in Malignant Disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Induction of Chemerin on Autophagy and Apoptosis in Dairy Cow Mammary Epithelial Cells.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Article
- GRP78 regulates milk biosynthesis and the proliferation of bovinemammaryepithelial cells through the mTOR signaling pathway.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The postnatal mammary gland undergoes repeated cycles of proliferation and cell death, most notably when the fully differentiated (lactating) gland dedifferentiates to a prelactation state. Accumulation of milk proteins in the secretory epithelium creates the stress signal that triggers this process (involution). How this stress is perceived, and the cellular processes that are subsequently activated, remain unclear. We now report that Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), autophagy, and apoptosis related genes cluster separately during lactation and involution in the mouse mammary gland. Time-course experiments in rodents show that autophagy and UPR signaling are tightly co-regulated at the transition from reversible to irreversible involution. Inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine or genetic deletion of one ATG7 allele enhanced progression of mammary involution into the irreversible phase, as characterized by an early/precocious induction of apoptosis. These are the first preclinical in vivo data in support of a clinical trial testing an autophagy inhibitor for prevention of intraductal breast malignancy progression to invasive breast cancer. In marked contrast, stimulation of autophagy by low dose tunicamycin treatment reduced apoptosis and extended the reversible phase of involution by sustaining the secretory epithelium. Autophagy stimulators could be used short-term to promote lactation in women experiencing difficulties or irregularities in nursing. Taken together, these data indicate that UPR and autophagy play a key role in regulating the balance between cell survival and apoptosis during normal mammary gland regression.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.