SynthesisInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2019
Systematic review of efficacy with extending contraceptive implant duration.
Synthesis in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Extended duration of use of long-acting reversible contraceptives: Systematic review.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2025Pooled it
- Subdermally Placed Implanon Migration Into the Pectoralis Muscle and Its Removal in a Resource-Limited Setup: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Non-palpable contraceptive implants localization: review of imaging techniques and algorithm proposal.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Service Needs Associated with Underage Initiation of Selling Sex among Adult Female Sex Workers in Guinea-Bissau.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and family planning service delivery: Findings from a survey of U.S. physicians.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Contraceptive counseling during the pandemic: practical guidelines.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2021Article
- Safety and Benefits of Contraceptives Implants: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Prioritisation of outpatient appointments and elective surgery in gynaecology.Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology · 2021Review
- Contraceptive subcutaneous device migration: what does an orthopaedic surgeon need to know? A case report and literature review.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2020Review
- Inadvertent Extended use of ImplanonR Contraceptive Implants by Clients in Jos, Nigeria: An Interesting Finding.Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical AssociationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExtending contraceptive implant duration of use increases accessibility by maximizing the lifetime of devices.
objectivesTo review the contraceptive efficacy during extended use of progestin implants. SEARCH STRATEGY: PubMed and EMBASE were searched for articles in any language, 1996-2017, utilizing terms for devices and contraceptive efficacy. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies were included; abstracts, posters, and presentations were excluded. Studies evaluating Norplant and implants currently in pre-marketing trials were excluded. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Titles and abstracts of articles were reviewed; those that met inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent full text review and data abstraction. MAIN
resultsThe search identified 2951 articles; six met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five studies evaluated the etonogestrel implant (Implanon), and one the levonorgestrel implant (Jadelle). One RCT randomized to method, not duration; the remaining studies were prospective cohort studies. Three studies analyzed efficacy among women beyond currently approved duration separately. All studies were of poor to fair quality by United States Preventative Services Task Force (USPTF) grading. Limitations include lack of generalizability and control of important confounders.
conclusionThese studies provide limited data for extended duration of contraceptive implants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.