ArticleEnvironment international2018
Urinary metals and metal mixtures in Bangladesh: Exploring environmental sources in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS).
Article in Environment international, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomonitoring of nutritional and toxic elements in raw and cooked rice in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study, Bangladesh.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2026Article
- Application of soil amendments to reduce the transfer of trace metal elements from contaminated soils of Lubumbashi (Democratic Republic of the Congo) to vegetables.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2024Article
- Method validation for (ultra)-trace element concentrations in urine for small sample volumes in large epidemiological studies: application to the population-based epidemiological multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications · 2024Article
- Somatic loss of the Y chromosome is associated with arsenic exposure among Bangladeshi men.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Mixed metals exposure and cognitive function in Bangladeshi adolescents.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2022Article
- Heavy metal-associated oxidative stress and glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms among E-waste workers in Pakistan.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2021Article
- Metal-mixtures in toenails of children living near an active industrial facility in Los Angeles County, California.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2021Article
- Serum-borne factors alter cerebrovascular endothelial microRNA expression following particulate matter exposure near an abandoned uranium mine on the Navajo Nation.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2020Article
- Analysis of urinary trace element levels in general population of Wuhan in central China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionEnvironmental exposure to toxic metals and metalloids is pervasive and occurs from multiple sources. The Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) is an ongoing prospective study predominantly focused on understanding health effects associated with arsenic exposure from drinking water. The goal of this project was to measure a suite of elements in urine to better understand potential exposure patterns and to identify common environmental sources of exposure among this semi-rural Bangladeshi population.
methodsIn a random sample of 199 adult HEALS participants (50% female), the concentrations of 15 urinary elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cs, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Tl, W, Zn) were assessed by Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to assess commonalities with sociodemographic characteristics and potential sources of exposure. We used principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax normalized rotations, and hierarchical cluster analysis (CA), using Ward's method with Euclidean distances, to evaluate these relationships.
resultsPCA and CA showed similar patterns, suggesting 6 principal components (PC) and 5 clusters: 1)PC: Sr-Ni-Cs/ CA: Sr-Ni-Co; 2) Pb-Tl/Pb-Tl-Se-Cs; 3) As-Mo-W/As-Mo-W; 4) Ba-Mn/Ba-Mn; 5) Cu-Zn/Cu-Zn-Cd; and 6) Cd. There was a strong significant association between the As-Mo-W PC/cluster and water arsenic levels (p < 0.001) and between the Cd PC and betel nut use (p = 0.003). The Sr-Ni-Cs PC was not related to any of the socio-demographic characteristics investigated, including smoking status and occupation. The first PC, Sr-Ni-Cs, explained 21% of the variability; the third PC, As-Mo-W, explained 12.5% of the variability; and the sixth PC, Cd, explained 10% of the variability. Day laborers appeared to have the highest exposure.
conclusionsGroundwater and betel nut use are likely important sources of metal and metalloid exposure in this population. These findings will guide future exposure assessment research in Bangladesh and future epidemiologic research investigating the degree to which metal mixtures play a role in disease development.
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