Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30341681›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2019

Estimation of salt intake and excretion in children in one region of Switzerland: a cross-sectional study.

Magali Rios-Leyvraz, Pascal Bovet, Murielle Bochud, Bernard Genin, Michel Russo, Michel F Rossier, René Tabin, Arnaud Chiolero

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02900261 (Comparison of Methods to Measure the Consumption of Sodium and Caffeine in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02900261 completednot on this map

Comparison of Methods to Measure the Consumption of Sodium and Caffeine in Children

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of Lausanne HospitalsRan2016 to 2018Enrolled101ConditionsSodium, CaffeineArmsNo intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Magali Rios-LeyvrazInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland. magali.leyvraz@chuv.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0455-197X
Pascal BovetInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Murielle BochudInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Bernard GeninHospital Center of Valais Romand, Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland.
Michel RussoHospital Center of Valais Romand, Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland.
Michel F RossierFaculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
René TabinHospital Center of Valais Romand, Hospital of Valais, Sion, Switzerland.
Arnaud ChioleroInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Funding

Swiss Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office 5.15.03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSalt intake among children in Switzerland is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine salt excretion and to identify the main dietary sources of salt intake among children in one region of Switzerland.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using a convenient sample of children 6-16 years of age in Valais, Switzerland, between 2016 and 2018. All children visiting several regional health care providers and without any clinical condition that could affect sodium intake or excretion were eligible. Each child completed a 24-h urine collection to assess salt excretion and two dietary questionnaires to assess dietary sources of salt intake. Weight and height were measured.

resultsData were available on 94 children (55 boys and 39 girls; mean age 10.5 years; age range 6-16 years). The mean 24-h salt urinary excretion was 5.9 g [SD 2.8; range 0.8-16.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.3-6.5]. Two-thirds (62%) of the children had salt excretions above recommendations of maximum intake (i.e., ≥ 2 g per day for children up to 6 years of age and ≥ 5 g per day for children 7-16 years of age). The salt excretion tended to be higher during the week-end (6.0 g, 95% CI 5.4-6.6) than during the week (5.4 g, 95% CI 4.3-6.7). The main sources of salt intake were pastas, potatoes, and rice (23% of total salt intake), pastries (16%), bread (16%), and cured meats (10%). One child out of three (34%) added salt to their plate at the table.

conclusionsSalt intake in children in one region of Switzerland was high. Our findings suggest that salt intake in children could be reduced by lowering salt content in commonly eaten foods. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02900261.

Indexed as

AdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesDietFemaleHumansMaleSodium Chloride, DietarySurveys and QuestionnairesSwitzerlandSodium Chloride, DietaryAdolescentsChildrenFood frequency questionnaireSaltSodium chlorideSwitzerlandUrinary excretion

Identifiers

PMID30341681

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.