ReviewNutrients2018
Probiotics in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders.
Review in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The role of probiotic supplementation in inflammatory biomarkers in adults: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Preclinical evidence of probiotics in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The effect of oral probiotics on glycated haemoglobin levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus - a randomized clinical trial.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2023Trial
- Impact of oral administration of single strainFrontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Lack of effect ofBMJ open diabetes research & care · 2021Trial
- Probiotics unveiled: bridging general health benefits to the era of precision medicine.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- The interplay between gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights from dysbiosis to disease modulation.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- State-of-the-Art Review on Probiotics, Synbiotics, and Microbial Metabolites: Molecular Mechanisms Shaping Host Immunity, Metabolic Health, and Chronic Disease Prevention.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- Bacillaceae in Probiotics and Postbiotics: Applications, Functional Traits, Mechanisms and Outlook.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Microbiome-orchestrated cross-organ immunity in autoimmunity: from metabolites to therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Protective effects of multi-strain probiotics against polystyrene nanoplastic-induced parotid gland toxicity: role of NRF2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Application and Challenges of Using ProbioticDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of heat-killed Lactobacillus reuteri against bile acid-induced male reproductive toxicity.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Human Microbiome as an Immunoregulatory Axis: Mechanisms, Dysbiosis, and Therapeutic Modulation.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The role of probiotics in promoting systemic immune tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus.Gut pathogens · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota: An Immersion in Dysbiosis, Associated Pathologies, and Probiotics.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The Role of Probiotics in Modulating the Gut Microbiome in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Probiotics have been used to ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms since ancient times. Over the past 40 years, probiotics have been shown to impact the immune system, both in vivo and in vitro. This interaction is linked to gut microbes, their polysaccharide antigens, and key metabolites produced by these bacteria. At least four metabolic pathways have been implicated in mechanistic studies of probiotics, based on mechanistic studies in animal models. Microbial⁻immune system crosstalk has been linked to: short-chain fatty acid production and signaling, tryptophan metabolism and the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptors, nucleoside signaling in the gut, and activation of the intestinal histamine-2 receptor. Several randomized controlled trials have now shown that microbial modification by probiotics may improve gastrointestinal symptoms and multiorgan inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. Future work will need to carefully assess safety issues, selection of optimal strains and combinations, and attempts to prolong the duration of colonization of beneficial microbes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.