ReviewMolecular neurobiology2019
The Possibility of an Infectious Etiology of Alzheimer Disease.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors influencing the relationship between influenza vaccination and the risk of developing dementia: A systematic review.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Pooled it
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor for cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of atypical pathogens in patients with severe pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Analysis the Link between Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Comprehensive Review of the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Potential Therapies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Discovery ofRSC advances · 2026Article
- Periodontitis and systemic diseases: insights into the correlation, mechanisms, and clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Association between pre-diagnostic prevalence of 30 common diseases and the subsequent risk of dementia: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Taiwan.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Dysbiosis and the gut-brain axis impairment in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: is 'pathobiome' an etiological element?Essays in biochemistry · 2025Review
- The diagnostic value of plasma Aβ42 and Aβ40 in Alzheimer's disease: current status, challenges, and impacting variables.Journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Bacteria in the brain: do they have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease?Current opinion in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Alzheimer's disease and antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious diseases agents: a mendelian randomization study.Hereditas · 2025Article
- Article
- Analysis of the Correlation BetweenPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles directly promote Aβ aggregation and enhance Aβ toxicity in APP/PS1 mice.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- The effect of physical exercise with cognitive training on inflammation and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers of Mild Cognitive Impairment patients.Neuroscience applied · 2024Article
- Gut microbiome synthesizes important core metabolites to prevent cognitive decline and mitigate onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past three decades, there has been constant postulation regarding the infectious etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD), which in turn suggests the vital role of various infectious agents in AD-associated inflammatory pathways. Recent findings indicate anti-microbial properties of Aβ, and suggest that Aβ production and deposition in AD might be induced by infectious agents. Several types of spirochetes have been associated to dementia, cortical atrophy, and pathological and biological hallmarks of AD. A significant association between AD spirochetes and other pathogens like HSV-1 and Chlamydia pneumonia has now become well established. In neurons infected by HSV-1 showed Aβ and hyperphosphorylated Tau accumulation. The expression of pro-inflammatory molecules have been found to be enhanced by specific bacterial ligands, and viral and bacterial DNA and RNA, thus activating the immune system. Aβ has now been established as anti-microbial peptide capable of inducing pore formation, thus justifying their infection-mediated accumulation. Thus, a proper combination of anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and antibiotic therapeutics might potentially prevent the progression of AD. Here, we discussed the potential role of bacterial, fungi, and viral infections in AD causation and progression, and the potential-associated therapies to counter the AD condition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.