ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2019
Analyzing Vaccine Trials in Epidemics With Mild and Asymptomatic Infection.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Ethical Obligation for Research During Public Health Emergencies: Insights From the COVID-19 Pandemic.Medicine, health care, and philosophy · 2024Article
- EXAMINING BIAS FROM DIFFERENTIAL DEPLETION OF SUSCEPTIBLES IN VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS ESTIMATES IN SETTINGS OF WANING.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Measuring Vaccine Efficacy Against Infection and Disease in Clinical Trials: Sources and Magnitude of Bias in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Efficacy Estimates.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Modelling strategies to organize healthcare workforce during pandemics: Application to COVID-19.Journal of theoretical biology · 2021Article
- Article
- Interpreting vaccine efficacy trial results for infection and transmission.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- Testing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy through deliberate natural viral exposure.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Review
- Innovative trial designs and analyses for vaccine clinical development.Contemporary clinical trials · 2021Article
- Invisible epidemics: ethics and asymptomatic infection.Monash bioethics review · 2020Review
- Coronavirus Human Infection Challenge Studies: Assessing Potential Benefits and Risks.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2020Article
- Statistical Properties of Stepped Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trials in Infectious Disease Outbreaks.American journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Antibody testing will enhance the power and accuracy of COVID-19-prevention trials.Nature medicine · 2020Article
- Depletion-of-susceptibles bias in influenza vaccine waning studies: how to ensure robust results.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Article
- Challenges of Vaccine Effectiveness and Waning Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Limited available evidence supports theoretical predictions of reduced vaccine efficacy at higher exposure dose.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Choices in vaccine trial design in epidemics of emerging infections.PLoS medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccine efficacy against susceptibility to infection (VES), regardless of symptoms, is an important endpoint of vaccine trials for pathogens with a high proportion of asymptomatic infection, because such infections may contribute to onward transmission and long-term sequelae, such as congenital Zika syndrome. However, estimating VES is resource-intensive. We aimed to identify approaches for accurately estimating VES when limited information is available and resources are constrained. We modeled an individually randomized vaccine trial by generating a network of individuals and simulating an epidemic. The disease natural history followed a "susceptible-exposed-infectious/symptomatic (or infectious/asymptomatic)-recovered" model. We then used 7 approaches to estimate VES, and we also estimated vaccine efficacy against progression to symptoms (VEP). A corrected relative risk and an interval-censored Cox model accurately estimate VES and only require serological testing of participants once, while a Cox model using only symptomatic infections returns biased estimates. Only acquiring serological endpoints in a 10% sample and imputing the remaining infection statuses yields unbiased VES estimates across values of the basic reproduction number (R0) and accurate estimates of VEP for higher R0 values. Identifying resource-preserving methods for accurately estimating VES and VEP is important in designing trials for diseases with a high proportion of asymptomatic infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.