Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30327946›Full record

ArticleNanoscale research letters2018

Preparation of Glycyrrhetinic Acid Liposomes Using Lyophilization Monophase Solution Method: Preformulation, Optimization, and In Vitro Evaluation.

Tingting Liu, Wenquan Zhu, Cuiyan Han, Xiaoyu Sui, Chang Liu, Xiaoxing Ma, Yan Dong

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanoscale research letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Tingting LiuCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
Wenquan ZhuCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
Cuiyan HanCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
Xiaoyu SuiCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China. suixiaoyu@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-2902
Chang LiuCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
Xiaoxing MaCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
Yan DongCollege of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
Qiqihar Medical University · CN

Funding

the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China H2016097
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) liposomes were successfully prepared using lyophilization monophase solution method. Preformulation studies comprised evaluation of solubility of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol, and GA in tert-butyl alcohol (TBA)/water co-solvent. The influences of TBA volume percentage on sublimation rate were investigated. GA after lyophilization using TBA/water co-solvent with different volume percentage was physicochemically characterized by DSC, XRD, and FTIR. The XRD patterns of GA show apparent amorphous nature. FTIR spectroscopy results show that no chemical structural changes occurred. Solubility studies show aqueous solubility of GA is enhanced. The optimum formulation and processing variables of 508 mg SPC, 151 mg cholesterol, 55% volume percentage of TBA, 4:1 trehalose/SPC weight ratio were obtained after investigating by means of Box-Benhnken design and selection experiment of lyoprotectant. Under the optimum conditions, satisfactory encapsulation efficiency (74.87%) and mean diameter (191 nm) of reconstituted liposomes were obtained. In vitro drug release study showed that reconstituted liposomes have sustained-release properties in two kinds of release medium. Furthermore, in vitro cell uptake study revealed that uptake process of drug-loaded liposomes by Hep G2 cells is time-dependent.

Indexed as

Cell uptakeGlycyrrhizic acidLiposomesMonophase solution methodPreformulation

Identifiers

PMID30327946
PMCPMC6191409
OpenAlexW2897480625

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.