ReviewFrontiers in psychology2018
Insights From fMRI Studies Into Ingroup Bias.
Review in Frontiers in psychology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies on In-Group and Out-Group Categorization.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Ethnicity, minority status, and inter-group bias: A systematic meta-analysis on fMRI studies.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- The neural underpinnings of intergroup social cognition: an fMRI meta-analysis.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Exposure to hate speech deteriorates neurocognitive mechanisms of the ability to understand others' pain.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Mindful minds: How group identity shapes brain and behavior in social decision-making.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- National identity reconfigures brain responses from "them" to "us".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The medial orbitofrontal cortex mediates neuropathic pain and anxiodepressive-like behaviors via two distinct pathways.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Refugees welcome? Empathy attenuates effects of xenophobia on neuronal responses to in-group and out-group suffering.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Changes in political attitudes are associated with changes in neural responses to political content.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Graph theory-based machine learning for automated fibromyalgia diagnosis using fMRI during an emotional task.PloS one · 2026Article
- Group membership and stereotype content jointly affect neural processing during resource allocation decisions.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Inter-group trade-off between intentions and outcomes in children's forgiveness.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Distinct patterns of neural response to faces from different races in humans and deep networks.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effects of positive and negative social feedback on motivation, evaluative learning, and socio-emotional processing.NPJ science of learning · 2023Article
- The negative impact of xenophobia on compassion with suffering out-group members is attenuated by trait empathy.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- The relationship between risk perception of COVID-19 and willingness to help: A moderated mediation model.Children and youth services review · 2022Article
- The Hill We Climb: Overcoming Ingroup Versus Outgroup Biases.Biological psychiatry · 2022Article
- The neuroscience of intergroup threat and violence.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Seven computations of the social brain.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intergroup biases can manifest themselves between a wide variety of different groups such as people from different races, nations, ethnicities, political or religious beliefs, opposing sport teams or even arbitrary groups. In this review we provide a neuroscientific overview of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies that have revealed how group dynamics impact on various cognitive and emotional systems at different levels of information processing. We first describe how people can perceive the faces, words and actions of ingroup and outgroup members in a biased way. Second, we focus on how activity in brain areas involved in empathizing with the pain of others, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and anterior insula (AI), are influenced by group membership. Third, we describe how group membership influences activity in brain areas involved in mentalizing such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ). Fourth, we discuss the involvement of the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) in increased moral sensitivity for outgroup threats. Finally, we discuss how brain areas involved in the reward system such as the striatum and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), are more active when experiencing schadenfreude for outgroup harm and when rewarding ingroup (versus outgroup) members. The value of these neuroscientific insights to better understand ingroup bias are discussed, as well as limitations and future research directions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.