Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30325973›Full record

ArticlePloS one2018

Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Il Young Kim, June Hyun Kim, Min Jeong Kim, Dong Won Lee, Cheol Gu Hwang, Miyeun Han, Harin Rhee, Sang Heon Song, Eun Young Seong, Soo Bong Lee

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. LCN2 Associated With the Bidirectional Cardio-Kidney Link in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Il Young KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
June Hyun KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Min Jeong KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Dong Won LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Cheol Gu HwangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Miyeun HanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Harin RheeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Sang Heon SongDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Eun Young SeongDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Soo Bong LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
Pusan National University · KRPusan National University Yangsan Hospital · KRPusan National University Hospital · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) are known as predictors of CVD in these patients. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker of acute kidney injury. Recently, elevated NGAL levels have been reported in patients with CVD. This study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma NGAL levels and LVH/LVDD in patients with CKD.

methodsThis study included 332 patients with pre-dialysis CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73m2). Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed to measure the left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Tissue Doppler imaging was used to measure early mitral inflow velocity (E) and the peak early mitral annular velocity (E'). Diastolic function was estimated using E' and the ratio of E to E' (E/E'). The associations of echocardiographic index with clinical and laboratory variables (age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, eGFR, albumin, uric acid, calcium, phosphate, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), the inferior vena cava collapse index (IVCCI) < 50%, and plasma NGAL) were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.

resultsIn multivariate logistic regression analysis, plasma NGAL was an independent predictor of LVH (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.02), P < 0.001). In addition, hypertension, intact PTH, and IVCCI < 50% were independent predictors of LVH. Plasma NGAL (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.02, P < 0.001) was also an independent factor of LVDD. Furthermore, hypertension, intact PTH, and IVCCI < 50% were independent predictors of LVDD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (area under the curve: 0.835, 95% CI: 0.792-0.879) showed the best cutoff value of plasma NGAL for identifying LVDD was ≥ 258 ng/ml with an associated sensitivity of 77.6% and a specificity of 87.6%.

conclusionPlasma NGAL levels were independent predictors of LVH and LVDD in patients with pre-dialysis CKD, suggesting that plasma NGAL could be a biomarker for LVH and LVDD in these patients.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBiomarkersCross-Sectional StudiesDiastoleFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansHypertrophy, Left VentricularKidney Failure, ChronicLipocalin-2MaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPredictive Value of TestsSensitivity and SpecificityBiomarkersLCN2 protein, humanLipocalin-2

Identifiers

PMID30325973
PMCPMC6191140
OpenAlexW2897690386

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.