SynthesisAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2018
Use of a Gluten-Free Diet in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pilot study indicates that a gluten-free diet lowers oxidative stress for gluten-sensitive persons with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2024Trial
- The Omnicausal Model Reveals the Highly Polyfactorial Nature of Complex Diseases.Genetic epidemiology · 2026Article
- Psychiatric Symptoms Associated with Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Focused Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Effects of Selected Cereal Concentrates and a Gluten-Free Diet on Ovarian, Testicular, and Thyroid Gland Morphology.Physiological research · 2026Article
- Measuring oxidative stress by the iridium reducing capacity assay (Ir-RCA).Advances in redox research · 2025Article
- Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review.AIMS neuroscience · 2025Review
- Investigating the Impacts of Diet, Supplementation, Microbiota, Gut-Brain Axis on Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Molecular Mechanisms Provide a Landscape for Biomarker Selection for Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Psychosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Healthy lifestyles and wellbeing reduce neuroinflammation and prevent neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Food supplementation with wheat gluten leads to climbing performance decline inmicroPublication biology · 2022Article
- The Gluten-Free Diet for Celiac Disease and Beyond.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Nutrition, nutritional deficiencies, and schizophrenia: An association worthy of constant reassessment.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Review
- New concepts in the development of schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and degenerative brain diseases based on chronic inflammation: A working hypothesis from continued advances in neuroscience research.Surgical neurology international · 2021Review
- Towards Tailored Gut Microbiome-Based and Dietary Interventions for Promoting the Development and Maintenance of a Healthy Brain.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Nutritional psychiatry in the treatment of psychotic disorders: Current hypotheses and research challenges.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Celiac disease and gluten-free diet: past, present, and future.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2020Review
- Gluten, Inflammation, and Neurodegeneration.American journal of lifestyle medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine whether adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) leads to improved outcomes for patients with schizophrenia. We searched the AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine; 1985-June 2016), MEDLINE (1946-June 2016), and Embase (1980-2016 week 24) databases using the terms "wheat" or "glutenin" or "gliadin" or "gluten" AND "schizophrenia." A total of 9 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review: 1 randomized controlled trial, 7 crossover studies, and 1 open-label pilot study. Six of the included studies demonstrated beneficial effects including improved functioning and decreased symptom severity after the course of a GFD, whereas 3 studies found no benefits. All of the included studies found that a GFD is well tolerated and can be adhered to by patients with schizophrenia. The findings of this systematic review should be interpreted with caution due to limitations inherent to nonrandomized trials, as well as the heterogeneity in the study design and the length of the GFD applied in each study. Publication bias is another potential limitation. Further research is required to examine the biomarkers of gluten sensitivity and inflammation to effectively target those patients with schizophrenia who will benefit most from this dietary intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.