ArticlePeerJ2018
Young, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and born in the USA: at excess risk of starting extra-medical prescription pain reliever use?
Article in PeerJ, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Similarities and Differences in Alcohol & Other Drug Dependence Among Hispanic/Latino Subgroups: A Disaggregation Approach.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- Persistence of extra-medical prescription pain reliever use and alcohol involvement among United States 12-20 year olds.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2019Article
- A scoping review of the opioid epidemic among U.S. Immigrants: Implications for treatment practices.Journal of ethnicity in substance abuseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrescription pain reliever (PPR) overdoses differentially affect 'American Indian/Alaskan Natives' in the United States (US). Here, studying onset of extra-medical PPR use in 12-24-year-olds, we examine subgroup variations in rates of starting to use prescription pain relievers extra-medically (i.e., to get 'high' or for other reasons outside boundaries of prescriber's intent). Risk differences (RD) are estimated for US-born versus non-US-born young people, stratified by American Indian/Alaskan Natives versus other ethnic self-identities.
methodsBetween 2002-2009, nationally representative cross-sectional samples of 12-24-year-old non-institutionalized civilians completed interviews for the US National Surveys of Drug Use and Health. Analysis-weighted annual incidence estimates, RD, and confidence intervals (CI) are from the Restricted-use Data Analysis System, an online software tool for US National Surveys of Drug Use and Health.
resultsEach year, an estimated 2.5% of 12-24-year-olds in the US start using PPR extra-medically (95% CI [2.1%-3.0%]). Estimates for the US-born (3.8%; 95% CI [3.7%-3.9%]) are larger (non-US-born: 1.8%; 95% CI [1.5%-2.0%]; RD = 2.0; DISCUSSION: Each year, one in 20 of US-born American Indian/Alaskan Natives starts using PPR extra-medically. Overdose prevention is important, but is no substitute for primary prevention initiatives for all young people. The observed epidemiological patterns can guide targeted prevention initiatives for the identified higher risk subgroups in complement with more universal prevention efforts intended to reduce incidence of first extra-medical PPR use, a crucial rate-limiting step on the path toward more serious drug involvement (i.e., progressing past initial use).
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Registered trials
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