ReviewNPJ vaccines2018
Optimizing the utilization of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines: you might just get what you want.
Review in NPJ vaccines, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 209 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
209 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and Safety of a Tetravalent Recombinant Subunit Dengue Vaccine in Adults Previously Vaccinated with a Live Attenuated Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine: Results of a Phase-I Randomized Clinical Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Article
- Reexamining AlJournal of computational chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Developing a durable, memory-driven, CspZ-targeting Lyme disease vaccine by rational adjuvant selection.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Macrophage-MediatedACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Suitability, Efficacy, and Safety of Zinc Hydroxide Adjuvant System Adsorbed on Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Development of a Novel Polyleucine-Based Immunopotentiator for Subunit Vaccines Against Group A Streptococcus.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Role and Safety of Aluminum Adjuvants in Childhood Vaccines.Pediatrics · 2026Review
- Light-assisted drying enables vaccine stabilization and supports cold-chain-independent distribution.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Development of a NovelVaccines · 2026Article
- Evaluation of protective efficacy of an inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus genotype Ⅴ strain in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Develop a durable, memory-driven, CspZ-targeting Lyme disease vaccine by rationale adjuvant selection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Aluminum adjuvants differentially induce IL-1β release in vitro yet share NLRP3 inflammasome-independent adjuvant effects in vivo.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nanoengineered Macrophages for in vivo Three-Dimensional Photoacoustic Imaging and Immunotherapy of Acute Lung Injury.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Cytokine delivery and targeting strategies in pet dogs with cancer: a comparative immuno-oncology approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- KA101 outperforms other clinical adjuvants in inducing balanced Th1/Th2 immunity and robust B cell responses to varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Compatibility and Stability of aVaccines · 2025Article
- Advances in vaccine adjuvant development and future perspectives.Drug delivery · 2025Review
149 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been used for over 90 years to enhance the immune response to vaccines. Recent work has significantly advanced our understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of these adjuvants, offering key insights on underlying mechanisms. Given the long-term success of aluminum adjuvants, we believe that they should continue to represent the "gold standard" against which all new adjuvants should be compared. New vaccine candidates that require adjuvants to induce a protective immune responses should first be evaluated with aluminum adjuvants before other more experimental approaches are considered, since use of established adjuvants would facilitate both clinical development and the regulatory pathway. However, the continued use of aluminum adjuvants requires an appreciation of their complexities, in combination with access to the necessary expertise to optimize vaccine formulations. In this article, we will review the properties of aluminum adjuvants and highlight those elements that are critical to optimize vaccine performance. We will discuss how other components (excipients, TLR ligands, etc.) can affect the interaction between adjuvants and antigens, and impact the potency of vaccines. This review provides a resource and guide, which will ultimately contribute to the successful development of newer, more effective and safer vaccines.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.