ReviewThe American journal of gastroenterology2019
Revisiting Montreal: New Insights into Symptoms and Their Causes, and Implications for the Future of GERD.
Review in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thailand guideline 2020 for medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2022Guideline
- Efficacy of different endoscopic treatments in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2021Pooled it
- Integrating cruroplasty with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a strategy to mitigate GERD symptoms in obese patients. A randomized control trial.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Trial
- Dietary Behaviors, Digestive Symptoms, and Neurovegetative Features in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Self-Management of Reflux-Like Symptoms: A Patient-Centered Decision-Making Approach.Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate-based medical devices: formulations, esophageal mucosal protection, and their place in the management of GERD.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Mucosal neuroimmune mechanisms in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) pathogenesis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Efficacy and safety of Jianpi Qinghua granules for non-erosive reflux disease with spleen deficiency and damp-heat syndrome: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Gastrointestinal conditions related to tooth wear.British dental journal · 2023Article
- Holistic management of symptomatic reflux: rising to the challenge of proton pump inhibitor overuse.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022Article
- Review article: rethinking the "ladder" approach to reflux-like symptom management in the era of PPI "resistance" - a multidisciplinary perspective.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- The Impact of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Patients with Morbid Obesity.Obesity surgery · 2022Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Overlap Syndrome of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder and Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in South Korea: A Long-term Follow-up Study.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2022Article
- The tapestry of reflux syndromes: translating new insight into clinical practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2021Article
- Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Management Update.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Identification of Unique Transcriptomic Signatures and Hub Genes Through RNA Sequencing and Integrated WGCNA and PPI Network Analysis in Nonerosive Reflux Disease.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Article
- Salivary Pepsin as an Intrinsic Marker for Diagnosis of Sub-types of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-related Disorders.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2020Article
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A General Overview.HCA healthcare journal of medicine · 2020Review
- The Spectrum of Reflux Phenotypes.Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Montreal definition of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) provided a rationale for acid suppression medication without investigation, thus enhancing the management of the substantial symptom burden in these patients. Increased proton-pump inhibitor use has also highlighted their limitations, with one third of "typical" symptoms known to be refractory. Most refractory symptoms are ascribed to reflux hypersensitivity (RH) and functional heartburn (FH). RH may be caused by impaired esophageal mucosal barrier function and sensitization of peripheral esophageal receptors. Central sensitization may also contribute to the perception of non-pathologic reflux in RH, and the perception of physiological stimuli in FH. Importantly, mechanisms underlying GERD, RH, and FH are (in theory) not mutually exclusive, further complicating patient management. Methods used to distinguish GERD from RH and FH are impractical for use in epidemiological studies and pragmatic care and may have limited diagnostic accuracy. This is impeding accurate prevalence estimates and risk factor determination and the identification of new therapies. Direct assessment of mucosal barrier function by measuring impedance is a promising candidate for improved diagnosis. Ultimately though the concept of GERD as a composite, symptom-based entity needs re-evaluation, so that new understandings of upper GI symptoms can direct more precise management.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.