ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2018
Intergenerational transmission of paternal trauma among US Civil War ex-POWs.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Sperm sncRNA networks are synchronized by a coordination between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and current stress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Epigenetic changes associated with multi-generational trauma: characterization, mechanisms, and therapeutics.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- The Intergenerational Impact of Maternal Childhood Adversity on Child Behavior and Neurodevelopment: The Healthy MiNDS Protocol.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2025Article
- Women, the heart of intuition, and creation entanglement.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Role of Epigenetic Modification in the Intergeneration Transmission of War Trauma.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2024Review
- Grandchildren's Longevity and Their Grandfathers' POW Trauma in the U.S. Civil War.Demography · 2024Article
- Inter- and transgenerational heritability of preconception chronic stress or alcohol exposure: Translational outcomes in brain and behavior.Neurobiology of stress · 2024Article
- Lessons Learned About Trauma Related to Racial Discrimination During COVID-19 in the United States.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Paternal impact on the developmental programming of sexual dimorphism.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Overweight grandsons and grandfathers' starvation exposure.Journal of health economics · 2023Article
- Children and Grandchildren of Union Army Veterans: New Data Collections to Study the Persistence of Longevity and Socioeconomic Status Across Generations.Historical methods · 2023Article
- Exposure to war and conflict: The individual and inherited epigenetic effects on health, with a focus on post-traumatic stress disorder.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2023Review
- A call to leverage a health equity lens to accelerate human neuroscience research.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2023Article
- Review
- Profiling nonhuman primate germline RNA to understand the legacy of early life stress.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2022Article
- Small Noncoding RNAs Contribute to Sperm Oxidative Stress-Induced Programming of Behavioral and Metabolic Phenotypes in Offspring.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Angiogenin mediates paternal inflammation-induced metabolic disorders in offspring through sperm tsRNAs.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We study whether paternal trauma is transmitted to the children of survivors of Confederate prisoner of war (POW) camps during the US Civil War (1861-1865) to affect their longevity at older ages, the mechanisms behind this transmission, and the reversibility of this transmission. We examine children born after the war who survived to age 45, comparing children whose fathers were non-POW veterans and ex-POWs imprisoned in very different camp conditions. We also compare children born before and after the war within the same family by paternal ex-POW status. The sons of ex-POWs imprisoned when camp conditions were at their worst were 1.11 times more likely to die than the sons of non-POWs and 1.09 times more likely to die than the sons of ex-POWs when camp conditions were better. Paternal ex-POW status had no impact on daughters. Among sons born in the fourth quarter, when maternal in utero nutrition was adequate, there was no impact of paternal ex-POW status. In contrast, among sons born in the second quarter, when maternal nutrition was inadequate, the sons of ex-POWs who experienced severe hardship were 1.2 times more likely to die than the sons of non-POWs and ex-POWs who fared better in captivity. Socioeconomic effects, family structure, father-specific survival traits, and maternal effects, including quality of paternal marriages, cannot explain our findings. While we cannot rule out fully psychological or cultural effects, our findings are most consistent with an epigenetic explanation.
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