ArticlePloS one2018
Waiting time at health facilities and social class: Evidence from the Indian caste system.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome prevalence and associated sociodemographic risk factors: a study among young adults in Delhi NCR, India.Reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- Cognitively healthy life expectancy of older women and men in India.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Examining Explicit and Implicit Caste Bias Among Healthcare Providers in India.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2026Article
- The Ideal Orthopaedic Surgeon: Comparing Patient Preferences of Surgeon Attributes to Notions Held by Orthopaedic Postgraduates.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2023Article
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- Caste and COVID-19: Psychosocial disparities amongst rural Indian women during the coronavirus pandemic.The Journal of social issues · 2022Article
- Resource management framework using simulation modeling and multi-objective optimization: a case study of a front-end department of a public hospital in Thailand.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022Article
- Health Care Responsiveness by Conventional, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Providers in a National Sample of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in India in 2017-2018.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2022Article
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- Intersection of class, caste, gender and unmet healthcare needs in India: Implications for health policy.Health policy OPEN · 2021Article
- Determinants of minimum acceptable diet feeding among children aged 6-23 months in Odisha, India.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- The Social Construction of Incompetency: Moving Beyond Embedded Paternalism Toward the Practice of Respect.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2020Article
- User-experience and patient satisfaction with quality of tuberculosis care in India: A mixed-methods literature review.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2019Review
- Time-Flow Study for Receipt of Outpatient Services in Public and Private Hospitals: Implications for Lean Approach in Health Facilities in Rivers State, Nigeria.Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical AssociationArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Waiting time for non-emergency medical care in developing countries is rarely of immediate concern to policy makers that prioritize provision of basic health services. However, waiting time as a measure of health system responsiveness is important because longer waiting times worsen health outcomes and affect utilization of services. Studies that assess socio-economic inequalities in waiting time provide evidence from developed countries such as England and the United States; evidence from developing countries is lacking. In this paper, we assess the relationship between social class i.e. caste of an individual and waiting time at health facilities-a client orientation dimension of responsiveness. We use household level data from two rounds of the Indian Human Development Survey with a sample size of 27,251 households in each wave (2005 and 2012) and find that lower social class is associated with higher waiting time. This relationship is significant for individuals that visited a male provider but not so for those that visited a female provider. Further, caste is positively related to higher waiting time only if visiting a private facility; for individuals visiting a government facility the relationship between waiting time and caste is not significant. In general, caste related inequality in waiting time has worsened over time. The results are robust to different specifications and the inclusion of several confounders.
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