Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30320149›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2018

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Poor Diagnostic Accuracy of Dipstick Proteinuria in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals: A Multicenter Study in Japan.

Naoki Yanagisawa, Takashi Muramatsu, Tomohiko Koibuchi, Akihiro Inui, Yusuke Ainoda, Toshio Naito, Kosaku Nitta, Atsushi Ajisawa, Katsuyuki Fukutake, Aikichi Iwamoto and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.

Naoki YanagisawaDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.ORCID 0000-0001-9094-9663
Takashi MuramatsuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Tomohiko KoibuchiDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Akihiro InuiDepartment of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yusuke AinodaDivision of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Toshio NaitoDepartment of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Kosaku NittaDepartment IV of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Atsushi AjisawaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Katsuyuki FukutakeDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Aikichi IwamotoDivision of Infectious Diseases, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Minoru AndoDepartment IV of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Juntendo University · JPTokyo Medical University · JPTokyo Women's Medical University · JPHarvard University · USMitsui Memorial Hospital · JPThe University of Tokyo · JPTokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital · JPUniversity of Tokyo Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) has become one of the common comorbid conditions affecting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals are at increased risk of developing CKD, and they are likely to experience faster progression of renal dysfunction compared with HIV-uninfected individuals. Albuminuria represents not only kidney damage but also manifests metabolic syndrome and vascular dysfunction.

methodsWe conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study involving 2135 HIV-infected individuals in Japan to test the prevalence of CKD and proteinuria/albuminuria. Urine sample was analyzed by both dipstick test and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) assay. Chronic kidney disease was classified according to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. The diagnostic performance of dipstick test to detect albuminuria (ACR ≥30 mg/g) was evaluated.

resultsThe prevalence of CKD, evaluated by K/DOQI and KDIGO guidelines, was 15.8% and 20.4%, respectively. Age, total cholesterol level, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hepatitis C infection tended to increase, whereas levels of hemoglobin, serum albumin, and CD4 cell count tended to decrease as CKD risk grades progressed. Proteinuria and albuminuria were present in 8.9% and 14.5% of individuals, respectively. Dipstick test ≥1+ to detect albuminuria had an overall sensitivity of 44.9% and specificity of 97.2%.

conclusionsThe KDIGO guideline may enable physicians to capture HIV-infected patients at increased risk more effectively. The sensitivity of dipstick proteinuria to detect albuminuria is so poor that it may not serve as an alternative in HIV-infected individuals.

Indexed as

albuminuriachronic kidney diseasedipstick proteinuriaHIV

Identifiers

PMID30320149
PMCPMC6176335
OpenAlexW2891853525

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.