ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2018
Heavy metal quantification of classroom dust in school environment and its impacts on children health from Rawang (Malaysia).
Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-hazard exposure in public schools of a medium-sized city: outdoor road dust contamination, and indoor Rn risk.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2026Article
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- Potentially toxic elements in street dust from an urban city of a developing country: ecological and probabilistic health risks assessment.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Oral and inhalation bioaccessibility of potentially toxic elements in household dust from former Hg mining district, Idrija, Slovenia.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2021Review
- The Safety of Schools Based on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Classrooms' Dust: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2020Review
- Heavy metals analysis in chalk sticks based on ICP-AES and their associated health risk.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- A preliminary study of heavy metals pollution in the sandy dust storms and its human risk assessment from middle and south of Iraq.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Risk Assessment and Implications of Schoolchildren Exposure to Classroom Heavy Metals Particles in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Evaluation and Proteomic Analysis of Lead Adsorption by Lactic Acid Bacteria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to determine bioavailable heavy metal concentrations (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn) and their potential sources in classroom dust collected from children's hand palms in Rawang (Malaysia). This study also aimed to determine the association between bioavailable heavy metal concentration in classroom dust and children's respiratory symptoms. Health risk assessment (HRA) was applied to evaluate health risks (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) due to heavy metals in classroom dust. The mean of bioavailable heavy metal concentrations in classroom dust found on children's hand palms was shown in the following order: Zn (1.25E + 01 μg/g) > Cu (9.59E-01 μg/g) > Ni (5.34E-01 μg/g) > Cr (4.72E-02 μg/g) > Co (2.34E-02 μg/g) > As (1.77E-02 μg/g) > Cd (9.60E-03 μg/g) > Pb (5.00E-03 μg/g). Hierarchical cluster analysis has clustered 17 sampling locations into three clusters, whereby cluster 1 (S3, S4, S6, S15) located in residential areas and near to roads exposed to vehicle emissions, cluster 2 (S10, S12, S9, S7) located near Rawang town and cluster 3 (S13, S16, S1, S2, S8, S14, S11, S17, S5) located near industrial, residential and plantation areas. Emissions from vehicles, plantations and industrial activities were found as the main sources of heavy metals in classroom dust in Rawang. There is no association found between bioavailable heavy metal concentrations and respiratory symptoms, except for Cu (OR = 0.03). Health risks (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks) indicated that there are no potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of heavy metals in classroom dust toward children health.
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Registered trials
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