ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2019
Longitudinal association between tobacco use and the onset of depressive symptoms among Swedish adolescents: the Kupol cohort study.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use, and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Longitudinal association between cardiovascular risk factors and depression in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Psychological medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Exploring the associations between daily sedentary behavior, physical activity, sleep, and risk of depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Preschool children's sleep duration and parental depressive symptoms in western China: role of children's mental health and socioeconomic factors.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Underlying patterns of the co-occurrence of tobacco use and mental health among youth.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- The clustering of multiple health and lifestyle behaviors among Swedish adolescents: a person-oriented analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Establishing the Association Between Snus Use and Mental Health Problems: A Study of Norwegian College and University Students.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Article
- Leisure-Time Activities in Different Contexts and Depressive Symptoms in Norwegian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Review
- Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Symptoms of mental health problems among Italian adolescents in 2017-2018 school year: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Lifestyle habits and depressive symptoms in Norwegian adolescents: a national cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2021Article
- The Protective Association of Trait and Ability Emotional Intelligence with Adolescent Tobacco Use.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tobacco use in adolescence has been linked to the onset of depressive symptoms, but results of previous studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to clarify if tobacco use during early adolescence may affect the short-term onset of depressive symptoms. The study is based on Swedish Kupol study (3959 students). Current cigarette smoking, snus use, and tobacco dependence were assessed using questionnaires at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Outcome was the onset of depressive symptoms measured with the CES-DC scale, using a cut-off ≥ 30 as threshold. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were employed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). CES-DC mean score at baseline was 14.3, higher in females than males (17.5 vs 10.9). The incidence of depressive symptoms at follow-up was 8.3%, greater in current than never smokers at baseline (13.7% vs 3.1%). Current cigarette smoking at the age of 13 years was strongly associated with the onset of depressive symptoms 1 year later, particularly in males (OR 12.7, 95% CI: 2.5-63.9), with a significant interaction between tobacco use and sex; feeling dependent on tobacco was also associated with depressive symptoms in males but not in females. Snus and overall tobacco use were not associated with the onset of depressive symptoms. Tobacco use during adolescence appears to influence the onset of depressive symptoms, with a stronger association in males than females. Pubertal maturation and sex-specific response patterns to the scale instrument may explain the moderating effect of sex.
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