ArticleVaccine2019
Descriptive assessment of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis procurement, distribution, monitoring, and reporting in four Asian countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, and Sri Lanka, 2017-2018.
Article in Vaccine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing Health System preparedness for dog mediated rabies in South-East Asia Region.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2025Review
- Analysis of predictors of rabies-positive biting animals in Cambodia using spatio-temporal Bayesian regression modelling.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Availability of anti-rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin in Indian health facilities: a nationwide cross-sectional health facility survey.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- Chasing rabies herd immunity: evaluating dog vaccination strategies and post-vaccination survey reliability in urban and peri-urban Bangladesh.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Inventory management practices: implications on the pharmaceuticals expenditure of rabies vaccine in public health facilities, Namibia.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Rabies in a postpandemic world: resilient reservoirs, redoubtable riposte, recurrent roadblocks, and resolute recidivism.Animal diseases · 2023Review
- Rabies healthcare-seeking behaviors of urban and peri-urban residents: Results from a rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey, Bangladesh, 2018.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Accessibility to rabies centers and human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis rates in Cambodia: A Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis to identify optimal locations for future centers.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Evaluating Surveillance for and Estimating Administration of Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis in the United States, 2012-2018.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- A shorter post-exposure prophylaxis regimen for rabies, Pakistan.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2021Article
- Assessing clinicians' Post-Exposure Prophylaxis recommendations for rabies virus exposures in Hunan Province, China.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Rabies control in South Asia requires a One Health approach.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- How geographic access to care shapes disease burden: The current impact of post-exposure prophylaxis and potential for expanded access to prevent human rabies deaths in Madagascar.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Human rabies: prospects for elimination.CAB reviews : perspectives in agriculture, veterinary science, nutrition and natural resources · 2021Article
- Article
- Knowledge, attitude, and practice of a local community towards the prevention and control of rabies in Gaibandha, Bangladesh.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2020Article
- Trends and clinico-epidemiological features of human rabies cases in Bangladesh 2006-2018.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are approximately 35,000 human deaths from rabies in Asia annually. Rabies can be prevented through timely post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) consisting of wound washing, rabies vaccine, and in some cases, rabies immunoglobulin (RIG). However, access to rabies PEP often remains limited to urban areas and is cost-prohibitive. There is little information on procurement, distribution, monitoring, and reporting of rabies PEP.
methodsWe interviewed key informants in the public sector from various levels in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, and Sri Lanka between March 2017 and May 2018 using a descriptive assessment tool to obtain information on procurement, distribution, monitoring, and reporting of rabies PEP. These four countries in Asia were chosen to showcase a range of rabies PEP systems. National rabies focal points were interviewed in each country and focal points helped identify additional key informants at lower levels.
resultsA total of 22 key informants were interviewed at various levels (central level to health facility level) including national rabies focal points in each country. Each country has a unique system for managing rabies PEP procurement, distribution, monitoring, and reporting. There are varying levels of PEP access for those with potential rabies exposures. Rabies PEP is available in select health facilities throughout the country in Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. In Cambodia, rabies PEP is limited to two urban centers. The availability of RIG in all four countries is limited. In these four countries, most aspects of the rabies PEP distribution system operate independently of systems for other vaccines. However, in Bhutan, rabies PEP and Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) vaccines share cold chain space in some locations at the lowest level. All countries have a monitoring system in place, but there is limited reporting of data, particularly to the central level.
conclusionSystems to procure, deliver, monitor, and report on rabies PEP are variable across countries. Sharing information on practices more widely among countries can help programs to increase access to this life-saving treatment.
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