ArticleAddictive behaviors2019
Youth say ads for flavored e-liquids are for them.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transitions in ENDS and cigarette use among youth in the PATH Study from 2015-2023: a multistate transition modeling analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA: a multistate transition analysis of adults in the PATH Study in 2017-2019 vs 2019-2021.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Qualitative perspective on nicotine pouches from adults who smoke cigarettes in North Carolina.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA: a multistate transition analysis of youth and adults in the PATH Study in 2015-2017 vs 2017-2019.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Health Warnings on Instagram Advertisements for Synthetic Nicotine E-Cigarettes and Engagement.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Do Flavor Descriptions Influence Subjective Ratings of Flavored and Unflavored E-liquids Among Nonsmoking and Non-vaping UK Adolescents?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Observational
- Impact of E-liquid Packaging on Vaping Product Perceptions Among Youth in England, Canada, and the United States: A Randomized Online Experiment.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA: a multistate transition analysis of adults in the PATH Study in 2017-2019 vs 2019-2021.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Adolescents, Young Adults, and Adults Continue to Use E-Cigarette Devices and Flavors Two Years after FDA Discretionary Enforcement.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- An update on controversies in e-cigarettes.Paediatric respiratory reviews · 2020Review
- History repeats itself: Role of characterizing flavors on nicotine use and abuse.Neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Longitudinal trends in e-cigarette devices used by Californian youth, 2014-2018.Addictive behaviors · 2020Article
- How and Why California Young Adults Are Using Different Brands of Pod-Type Electronic Cigarettes in 2019: Implications for Researchers and Regulators.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2020Article
- Effect of flavour manipulation on ENDS (JUUL) users' experiences, puffing behaviour and nicotine exposure among US college students.Tobacco control · 2020Article
- Net Effect of Young Adult Dual Combusted Cigarette and E-Cigarette Users' Anticipated Responses to Hypothetical E-Cigarette Marketing Restrictions.Substance use & misuse · 2020Article
- E-liquid-related posts to Twitter in 2018: Thematic analysis.Addictive behaviors reports · 2019Article
- Popular Flavors Used in Alternative Tobacco Products Among Young Adults.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2019Article
- Point-of-sale marketing of heated tobacco products in Israel: cause for concern.Israel journal of health policy research · 2019Article
- From tobacco-endgame strategizing to Red Queen's race: The case of non-combustible tobacco products.Addictive behaviors · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionE-cigarettes are the most popular tobacco product among adolescents and young adults ("AYA") and are available in many flavors. The e-cigarette industry argues that flavors are not meant to appeal to youth, yet no study has asked youth what age group they think ads for flavored e-liquids are targeting. We asked AYA which age group they thought ads for flavored e-liquids targeted.
methodsIn 2016 as part of a larger survey, a random sample of 255 youth from across California (62.4% female, mean age = 17.5, SD = 1.7) viewed eight ads, presented in randomized order, for fruit-, dessert-, alcohol-, and coffee-flavored e-liquids and indicated the age group they thought the ads targeted: younger, same age, a little older, or much older than them. Population means and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using bootstrapping (100,000 replicate samples).
resultsMost participants (93.7%) indicated the cupcake man flavor ad targeted an audience of people younger than they. Over half felt ads for smoothy (68.2%), cherry (63.9%), vanilla cupcake (58%), and caramel cappuccino (50.4%) targeted their age and for no flavor ad did most feel the primary target age group was much older.
conclusionsYouth believe ads for flavored e-liquids target individuals about their age, not older adults. Findings support the need to regulate flavored e-liquids and associated ads to reduce youth appeal, which ultimately could reduce youth use of e-cigarettes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.